现实主义思潮与百年中国儿童文学的演化

Realism Trend of Thought and the Evolution of Chinese Children's Literature in the Past Hundred Years

在百年中国儿童文学的演进历程中,理论预设与创作实践上的错位体现在“为艺术”还是“为现实”的歧异上。在历史化的动态发展语境里,现实主义作为艺术手法被理论家不断地阐释与更新,并逐渐生成为具有中国特质的儿童文学思潮。从发生期融入人学体系的考量,到革命与抗战语境的思想牵引,中国儿童文学的现实主义传统得以建构和彰显。在新时期“写什么”和“怎么写”的方向性选择中,批判现实主义的复归助益中国儿童文学主体性的创构。新世纪儿童文学聚焦“中国式童年”,深植于现实的文化土壤,为规避堕入轻逸境地和培育社会主义新人方面贡献了文学的力量。

During the evolution of Chinese children's literature in the past hundred years,the mismatch between theoretical presupposition and creative practice is reflected in the difference between“for art”and“for reality”.In the context of historical dynamic development,realism,as an artistic technique,has been constantly interpreted and renewed by theorists,and has gradually become a trend of thought in children's literature with Chinese characteristics.The realistic tradition of Chinese children's literature has been constructed and demonstrated from the consideration of integrating into the humanistic system during the generation period to the ideological traction of the context of revolution and Anti-Japanese War.In the new era,in the direction of choice of“what to write”and“how to write”,the return of critical realism helps to create the subjectivity of Chinese children's literature.Children's literature in the new century focuses on“Chinese childhood”,deeply rooted in the cultural soil of reality,and contributes to the power of literature in order to avoid degenerating into frivolity and to cultivate the new socialist man.