基于星星双中继的国际月球科研站的全时无缝通信

International Lunar Research Station Communication Based on Satellite Double Relay

2021年中国提出与相关国家、国际组织和国际合作伙伴共同开展国际月球科研站建设的建议,引起多方广泛关注,国际月球科研站工程建设按计划顺利推进.国际月球科研站建设完成后,与中国地面控制中心间保持全时无缝通信将是重要需求.中国地面深空测控网设立的国外站,长期来看可能存在一定风险,例如降低中国地面深空测控网的可用性,影响国际月球科研站与地面控制中心间的全时通信.为此,根据中国对月探测现状,借鉴天链中继卫星系统的设计、建设、应用、发展实际,提出一个“鹊桥–天链”星星双中继通信设想.从几何可见性角度进行多种条件的覆盖仿真分析,并从传输体制、链路设计、系统组成、捕获跟踪、工作流程、整体定位等多方面进行研究分析,初步完成了基于星星双中继的国际月球科研站全时无缝通信研究.在地面控制中心统一控制下,通过地面深空测控网、星星双中继的综合利用,国际月球科研站与地面控制中心间的全时无缝通信将具备完全实现的技术基础.此外,该设想也可为地月空间、行星际探测的其他航天器通信提供借鉴,并可进一步促进中国地基测控网、天基测控网和深空测控网的融合发展.

In 2021,China proposed the collaborative construction of the International Lunar Research Station with relevant countries,international organizations,and partners,which attracted wide atten-tion from many parties,and the construction of the International Lunar Research Station project pro-ceeded smoothly as planned.Upon completion,maintaining seamless communication with the ground control center will be crucial.However,foreign stations in China’s ground deep space TT&C network may pose long-term risks such as reducing availability and affecting full-time communication between the lunar research station and the ground control center.To address this,a concept of Queqiao-TL satel-lite double relay communication is proposed based on China’s lunar exploration status present and actu-al design of the TL relay satellite system.This idea has undergone coverage simulation analysis under various conditions from geometric visibility perspective and studied transmission systems,link designs,system composition,capture/tracking workflows for initial completion of full-time seamless communica-tion research for the International Lunar Research Station using the satellite double relay technology.Under unified control of the ground control center,this approach provides a technical basis for achiev-ing full-time seamless communication through comprehensive utilization of both ground deep space TT&C network and the satellite double relay technology.Furthermore,this concept can serve as a refer-ence for spacecraft communications in Earth-Moon space and interplanetary exploration while promot-ing integration among China’s ground-based,space-based and deep space TT&C network.