基于PSR系统模型的新疆于田县农村生态环境质量评价及优化策略

Evaluation and optimization strategy of rural ecological environment quality for Yutian County of Xinjiang based on PSR system model

科学客观地评价新疆维吾尔自治区(简称新疆)于田县农村生态环境质量状况,对于田县农村经济、社会、环境协调良性发展,以及降低农村环境污染、提升农村生态环境质量具有重要的理论和现实意义。基于压力、状态、响应(PSR)系统模型构建于田县农村生态环境质量评价指标体系。运用熵值法、综合指数法对于田县2013—2022年农村生态环境质量进行评价分析,并通过农村生态环境质量综合指数对其进行分等定级。研究结果表明,2013—2022年于田县农村生态环境质量综合发展水平总体呈上升趋势,生态环境质量综合指数由0.21上升至0.71。于田县农村生态环境质量等级从差→一般→良好的方向不断升级。压力系统指数整体呈现M型波动变化趋势,状态系统指数呈现先增长、后下降、再增长的波动变化趋势,响应系统指数整体呈现上升趋势,说明于田县农村生态环境优化的相关政策、措施实施有效。未来,政府应持续加大环保治理投资力度,加强农村生态环境监管,完善农村生态补偿机制,“利益相关者”坚持绿色发展理念,积极开展农村生态环境保护宣传教育,推进农村生态环境可持续发展。

Scientific and objective evaluation of rural ecological environment quality in Yutian County,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has important theoretical and practical significance for harmonious development of rural economy,society and environment,as well as reduction of rural environmental pollution and improvement of rural ecological environment quality.Based on pressure,state,response(PSR)system model,evaluation index system of rural ecological environment quality in Yutian County was constructed.En-tropy method and comprehensive index method were used to evaluate and analyze rural ecological environment quality from 2013 to 2022 in Yutian County,and rural ecological environment quality comprehensive index was used to grade it.Results showed that comprehens-ive development level of rural eco-environmental quality in Yutian County from 2013 to 2022 presented an upward trend,and compre-hensive index value of eco-environmental quality increased from 0.21 to 0.71.Level of rural ecological environment quality in Yutian County was increasing from direction of"poor-average-good".Pressure system index as a whole showed an"M"type fluctuation trend.State system index showed a fluctuating trend of first increasing,then decreasing and then increasing.In response to system in-dex,overall trend showed an upward trend,indicating that relevant policies and measures of rural ecological environment optimization in Yutian County were effectively implemented.In the future,the government should continue to increase investment in environmental governance,strengthen supervision of rural ecological environment,improve rural ecological compensation mechanism,"stakeholders"adhere to concept of green development,actively carry out publicity and education on rural ecological environmental protection,and promote sustainable development of rural ecological environment.