院校研究在日本大学扩散的组织社会学分析

An Analysis of the Spread of Institutional Research in Japanese Universities from the Perspective of Organizational Sociology

近年来日本大学纷纷成立院校研究机构,日本院校研究实现了跨越式发展。日本院校研究的发展可分为三个阶段:1990年及以前,学生运动背景下,具有院校研究特征的活动开始出现;1991—2007年,质量保障和国立大学法人化背景下,院校研究机构正式出现;2008年至今,全球化竞争背景下,政府强势推动院校研究,院校研究迅速扩散。日本院校研究的发展经过了由缓慢开展到迅速扩散的历程;日本院校研究的迅速扩散源于强制性、模仿性、规范性等多重机制的共同作用;院校研究在日本大学扩散的主导力量已开始逐渐从“合法性”因素向有效性因素转变。

In recent years,with the establishment of institutional research institutes among Japanese uni⁃versities in succession,institutional research in Japan has achieved leapfrog development.There are three stag⁃es for the development of institutional research in Japan.First,by 1990,activities with the characteristics of institutional research emerged in the context of the Student Movement.Second,from 1991 to 2007,institutional re⁃search institutes were initiated under the backdrop of quality assurance and the incorporation of national univer⁃sities.Third,since 2008,institutional research has spread rapidly with the strong push by the government under the background of global competition.This study finds that institutional research in Japan has gone through a process from slow development to rapid spreading;its rapid spreading stems from the combination of multiple mechanisms such as enforcement,imitation and normalization mechanism;what drives the spreading of institu⁃tional research in Japanese universities has gradually transformed from“legitimacy”to effectiveness.