基于洪水灾害的公众应急医疗救援资源需求满足度影响因素研究

Research on Influencing Factors of Satisfaction of Public Emergency Medical Rescue Resources'Demand under the Flood Disaster

目的探讨洪水灾害下公众应急医疗救援资源需求满足情况、影响因素和多元主体赋能对策。方法以某市4个乡镇的受灾群众为调查对象,共收集有效问卷651份,采用logistic回归分析分析影响因素。结果80.49%的调查对象认为洪灾期间自身及其家庭的应急医疗救援资源需求能够得到满足。logistic回归分析结果显示,满足度低的影响因素包括家中有≥65岁的老人和家中有糖尿病、高血压等慢性病患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);满足度高的影响因素包括家庭应急物资准备充足,基层政府灾前宣传过灾难预防与自救知识,基层政府灾前做过食物、水和救援物资准备,地方医院应急医疗救援物资储备充足以及医护人员进行过心理知识、技能宣传,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应全方位强化医疗机构、基层政府与社区公众的应急资源储备,多主体协同推进各项应急准备与宣传工作,构建灾害应对韧性社区和社会。

Objective To explore public emergency medical rescue resources'satisfaction of demand,influencing factors and multi-subject enabling countermeasures under the flood disaster.Methods A total of 651 valid questionnaires were collected from victims in four towns in one city.Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the influencing factors.Results 80.49%of the respondents considered that their and their families'emergency medical rescue resources'demand could be met during the flood.The results of logistic regression analysis showed influencing factors of low satisfaction including there were the elderly aged 65 and above in the family,and patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension in the family and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);Influencing factors of high satisfaction including adequate preparation of familial emergency supplies,the grassroots government publicized the disaster prevention and self-help knowledge before the disaster,the grassroots government had prepared emergency medical rescue resources,such as food,water and relief materials before the disaster,the adequacy of emergency medical rescue resources of local hospital,and medical staff promoted psychological knowledge and skill and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The store of emergency resource should be strengthened in all aspects,including medical institutions,the grass-roots governments and the public in the community,and emergency preparedness and publicity work should be promoted in a coordinated manner,so as to build a resilient community and society for disaster response.