高水平气手枪运动员射击技术特点分析及应用

Analysis and Application of Shooting Techniques of Elite Air Pistolers

目的:探究影响高水平射击运动员10米气手枪成绩的关键技术因素,为备战2024年巴黎奥运会、2025年粤港澳全运会期间的技术训练提供数据支撑。方法:以10名一级及以上运动员为研究对象。在备战2023年全国射击锦标赛期间,通过SCATT射击训练系统,共采集2640发实弹射击过程的技术指标。采用主成分分析、多元回归和方差分析等方法对数据进行统计分析。结果:气手枪的专项技术可归纳为据枪稳定及击发清洁度、瞄准精度和击发前意识3个主要成分,累积贡献率63.08%,其中瞄准精度是影响成绩的主要因素。目前的高水平技术训练重视稳定性基础训练和击发技术,但未进行专门的瞄准训练,对成绩的提高还不够全面。结论:高水平气手枪训练的重点除关注击发技术外,还要重视瞄准训练。

Objective:To explore the key technical factors affecting the 10-meter air pistol performance of high-level shooters,and to provide data support for technical training during the preparation for the Paris Olympic Games and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao National Games.Methods:10 national athletes were selected as subjects.In preparation for the 2023 National Shooting Championships,the SCATT shooting training system was used to collect technical indicators of the firing process of a total of 2640 rounds.Principal component analysis,multiple regression and variance analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:The special technology of air pistol can be summarized into three main components:gun stability and firing cleanliness,aiming accuracy and pre-firing consciousness,and the cumulative contribution rate reaches 63.08%,in which aiming accuracy is the decisive factor.The current high-level technical training,emphasizing basic stability training and firing techniques instead of specialised aiming training,is not adequate enough for performance improvement.Conclusion:The emphasis of high level air pistol training is not only on firing technique,but also on aiming training.