高速铁路大范围穿越采空区关键技术研究

Research on the Key Technologies for High-speed Railway's Large Range Crossing of Goaf

研究目的:太焦铁路是第一条穿越大面积采空区的高速铁路,也是迄今为止国内外穿越采空区分布最广、分布最复杂的高速铁路。本文针对太焦铁路采空区特征,开展高速铁路大范围穿越采空区关键技术研究,对于查清采空分布、合理选择线位、确定安全的路桥隧工程措施具有重要意义。研究结论:(1)研究形成多学科、多层次、多方法耦合采空区勘察技术,在宽达37 km的采空区密布带上找出了200 m的安全通路,提出“两咽喉、一通道、六绕避、二治理”地质通廊;(2)研究形成多维空间选线技术,线位绕避采空区密集、时间久远难以查明的古窑等区域,平面无法绕避时,部分区段线路以隧道形式从采空区下方安全深度通过;(3)研究形成隧道下穿采空区技术,通过围岩稳定性和隧道下穿采空区距离研究,提出隧道支护措施以及探测和预报、质量检测方法;(4)研究形成路基整治技术,针对采空区埋深大、沉降要求高的特点,通过缩小注浆孔间距、调整浆液成分、加大注浆压力等措施,保证了整治效果,可为其他同类工程提供借鉴。

Research purposes:Taiyuan-Jiaozuo Railway is the first high-speed railway project to pass through a large area of goaf,and it is also the most widely distributed and complex high-speed railway project to pass through goaf in the world so far.Conducting relevant research is of great significance for identifying the distribution of goafs,selecting appropriate line locations,and determining safe measures for road,bridge,and tunnel engineering.Research conclusions:(1)A multidisciplinary,multi-level,and multi method coupled exploration technology for goaf has been developed,and a 200 m safe passage has been found in the dense belt of goaf with a width of up to 37 km.A geological corridor of"two throats,one passage,six detours,and two treatments"has been proposed.(2)Research has formed a multi-dimensional spatial route selection technology,which avoids areas such as ancient kilns that are densely populated and difficult to identify over time.When the plane cannot be avoided,some sections of the route pass through the safe depth below the goaf in the form of tunnels.(3)The technology of tunnel underpass through goaf has been developed,and tunnel support measures and detection,prediction,and quality inspection methods have been proposed through the study of surrounding rock stability and the distance of tunnel underpass through goaf.(4)The roadbed improvement techniques has been formed.In response to the characteristics of large burial depth and high settlement requirements in goaf areas,the measures such as reducing the spacing of grouting holes,adjusting the grouting fluid,and increasing the grouting pressure have been taken to ensure the improvement effect,providing reference for other types of engineering.