与时俱进:我国国家层面开放科学政策分析

Moving with the Times:Analysis of National Open Science Policies in China

我国推进开放科学运动,需要完善国家层面的开放科学政策。文章运用Nvivo12Plus质性分析软件和扎根理论分析法,以我国国家层面出台的开放科学各实践维度政策为分析对象,通过三级编码进行量化分析,得到开放获取政策、开放数据政策、开放科学基础设施政策、开放科学保障政策和开放科学合作政策等五个方面主要内容。研究发现:我国开放科学政策具有政策制定与时俱进、政策制定主体不断延伸并向顶层转移、政策重点突出、政府部门政策为国家顶层设计奠定基础的特点,建议加强开放科学顶层设计、完善开放科学政策关键要素、通过政策引导建设统一的开放科学平台、健全开放科学保障与激励政策、完善开放科学合作政策。

In order to promote the open science movement in China,it is necessary to improve the open science policies at the national level.Using Nvivo 12 Plus qualitative analysis software and grounded theory analysis method,this article quantitatively analyzes the national open science policies through three-level coding,which consists of five major parts:open access policy,open data policy,open science infrastructure policy,open science guarantee policy and open science cooperation policy.The study finds that China's open science policies are characterized by the fact that policy formulation has evolved over time,policy-making bodies have expanded and shifted to the top level,open policies are strongly focused,and departmental policies have laid the foundation for the top-level design of national open science policies.It is suggested that China should strengthen the top-level design of open science,clarify the key elements of open science policies,build a unified open science platform through policy guidance,and improve the guarantee,incentive,and cooperation policies for open science.