抗拉沙病毒药物的研究进展

Recent progress in the development of inhibitors of the Lassa virus

拉沙病毒(LASV)属于沙粒病毒科,哺乳动物病毒属。拉沙病毒可引起严重的急性出血热疾病,即拉沙热。拉沙热总病死率为1%,住院患者的病死率为15%。拉沙热主要在西非流行。目前,尚无FDA批准的针对LASV的特异性药物及疫苗,治疗策略仅限于在疾病早期给予利巴韦林,近年来报道的一些新型抗拉沙病毒药物已经进入临床研究阶段。根据美国疾病预防控制中心的报道,LASV被认为是A类病原体,它的高死亡率和治疗的局限性,世界卫生组织已经将拉沙热确定为研究和开发特效疫苗和药物的重中之重。本文将对拉沙病毒抑制剂的研究进展进行综述。

Lassa virus(LASV),a member of Arenaviridae family,is the cause of severe acute hemorrhagic fever,known as Lassa fever,which has an overall fatality rate of 1%,but up to 15%in hospitalized patients.LASV is mainly endemic in West Africa.At present,there is no approved drug or vaccine for LASV,and treatment is limited to ribavirin in the early disease stage.Although some drugs have entered the clinical stage,most have been studied in cellular and animal models.According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,LASV is a Class A pathogen due to a high mortality rate and limited treatment options.The World Health Organization has identified Lassa fever as a top priority for research and development.This article reviews recent progress in the development of LASV inhibitors.