酒精中毒大鼠小脑损伤的病理改变

Pathological changes of cerebellar injury in rats with alcoholism

目的观察酒精中毒大鼠小脑损伤的病理改变。方法Wistar雄性大鼠以50%食用酒精,逐渐增量灌胃4周造出慢性酒精中毒模型。通过光学显微镜及透射电子显微镜观察酒精中毒后大鼠小脑损伤的病理改变。结果酒精中毒组大鼠光学显微镜观察到小脑颗粒细胞及蒲肯野细胞(purkinje cell)均显著减少,细胞变性明显,尤以蒲肯野细胞为著。电子显微镜观察到小脑毛细血管内皮细胞中细胞器明显减少。细胞核形状不规则,核仁不明显、且形状不规则。结论酒精中毒后引起小脑细胞及其超微结构损伤,为其导致的运动及认知功能障碍提供了基础理论依据。

Objective To observe the pathological changes of cerebellar injury in rats with alcoholism.Methods An animal model of chronic alcoholism was established in Wistar male rats by gavage of 50%edible alcohol at increasing doses for 4 weeks.The pathological changes of cerebellar injury in rats after alcoholism were observed using an optical microscope and a transmission electron microscope.Results Optical microscopy in rats with alcoholism showed significantly reduced number of granule cells and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum,and significant cell degeneration,especially in Purkinje cells.Electron microscopy showed significantly reduced organelles,irregularly shaped nucleus,and unobvious and irregularly shaped nucleolus in cerebellar capillary endothelial cells.Conclusion Alcoholism induces damages to the cerebellar cells and their ultrastructure,providing a basic theoretical basis for the resulting motor and cognitive dysfunction.