临床常见输血不良反应发生情况及危险因素分析

Analysis of the Occurrence and Risk Factors of Common Clinical Blood Transfusion Adverse Reactions

目的:分析临床常见输血不良反应发生情况及危险因素。方法:回顾性分析2023年1月—2024年4月于遵义市绥阳县人民医院接受输血治疗的患者1024例的临床资料,分析其输血不良反应发生情况,采用Logistic回归分析发生输血不良反应的危险因素。结果:输血不良反应发生率为1.56%(16/1024),其中非溶血性发热发生率为0.59%(6/1024),过敏发生率为0.97%(10/1024)。不同性别、年龄患者输血不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同科室、血液成分、输血量患者输血不良反应发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示,患者科室为产科或普外科、血液成分为血浆、输血量为600mL是发生输血不良反应独立危险因素(P<0.001)。结论:科室为产科或普外科、血液成分为血浆、输血量为600mL的患者易发生输血不良反应,临床需加强针对性防控,以提高输血安全性。

Objective:To analyze the occurrence and risk factors of common clinical blood transfusion adverse reactions.Methods:The clinical data of one thousand two hundred and twenty-four patients who received blood transfusion treatment in Zunyi Suiyang People's Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were retrospectively analyzed to analyze the occurrence of transfusion adverse reactions,and the risk factors for the occurrence of transfusion adverse reactions were analyzed by logistic regression.Results:The incidence rate of transfusion adverse reactions was 1.56%(16/1024),of which the incidence rate of non-hemolytic fever was 0.59%(6/1024),and the incidence rate of allergy was 0.97%(10/1024).There was no statistical significance in the comparison of the incidence rate of transfusion adverse reactions in patients of different genders and ages(P>0.05);comparison of the incidence rates of transfusion adverse reactions in patients with different departments,blood components and transfusion volumes,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that the patients'departments were obstetrics or general surgery,the blood component was plasma,and the transfusion volume was 600 mL were independent risk factors for the occurrence of transfusion adverse reactions(P<0.001).Conclusion:Patients whose departments were obstetrics or general surgery,whose blood components were plasma and whose transfusion volume was 600 mL were susceptible to adverse reactions to blood transfusion,and clinical prevention and control should be strengthened in order to improve the safety of blood transfusion.