个性化营养指导对妊娠糖尿病患者的护理效果分析

Analysis of the Effect of Personalized Nutritional Guidance on the Nursing Care of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:分析个性化营养指导对妊娠糖尿病患者的护理效果。方法:选取2021年8月—2022年7月南京医科大学附属南京医院收治的妊娠糖尿病患者70例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与研究组,各35例。对照组行常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上行个性化营养指导。比较两组血糖水平、饮食营养行为知识评分、孕期体质量增长情况、分娩方式、妊娠不良事件发生情况。结果:护理后,两组空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平降低,饮食营养行为知识评分升高,研究组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组孕期体质量增长量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);研究组自然分娩率高于对照组,剖宫产率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组妊娠不良事件总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.002)。结论:个性化营养指导对妊娠糖尿病患者的护理效果显著,可降低患者血糖水平及体质量增长量,提高饮食营养行为知识掌握程度,改善妊娠结局。

Objective:To analyze the nursing effect of personalized nutritional guidance on patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods:Seventy cases of gestational diabetes mellitus patients admitted to Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from August 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and were randomly divided into the control group and the study group,each with thirty-five cases.The control group carried out routine care,and the study group carried out personalized nutritional guidance on the basis of the control group.The two groups were compared in terms of blood glucose levels,dietary and nutritional behavioral knowledge scores,body mass growth during pregnancy,mode of delivery,and occurrence of adverse events in pregnancy.Results:After the nursing care,the fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of the two groups decreased,and the score of knowledge of dietary and nutritional behaviors increased,and the study group was better than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the growth of body mass during pregnancy in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001);the natural delivery rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the cesarean section rate was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the total incidence rate of adverse events in pregnancy of the study group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P=0.002).Conclusion:Personalized nutritional guidance is effective in the care of gestational diabetes mellitus patients,which can reduce the patients'blood glucose level and body mass gain,improve the knowledge of dietary and nutritional behaviors,and improve the outcome of pregnancy.