土木工程建造系统脆弱性研究综述

Review of vulnerability research of civil engineering construction system

现有工程建造风险主要考虑风险事件发生概率与风险后果严重程度,少有结合系统脆弱性开展研究。脆弱性作为系统固有属性,在外界干扰下表现出的不利影响严重制约风险管控过程,但尚未有学者对土木工程建造系统脆弱性的研究现状进行科学评述。通过主题检索和学科分类,共筛选出103篇英文文献和96篇中文文献,运用Citespace文献分析软件统计了发表时间和期刊分布,归纳了研究热点和作者-机构合作情况;从脆弱性概念内涵、分析框架与评价过程等方面评述了土木工程建造系统的脆弱性。研究发现:土木工程建造系统脆弱性的研究当前仍处于探索阶段;常用脆弱性分析框架主要包括脆弱性递次演化分析框架、脆弱性-风险分析框架和灾害-脆弱性分析框架;脆弱性评价对象主要聚焦于施工安全系统、应急管理系统和项目管理系统;脆弱性影响因素识别和指标体系构建主要涵盖人-机-环-管框架、脆弱性特征维度框架和外部环境-项目参与方-项目特征框架。未来,可借鉴其他学科领域成熟的脆弱性理论成果,结合土木工程建造系统的特点,构建清晰准确的脆弱性概念与分析框架、探索科学适用的指标体系、深化实际应用与拓展研究。研究系统性梳理了土木工程建造系统脆弱性的研究现状,可为后续相关研究提供启发和参考。

The existing engineering construction risks mainly consider the probability of risk events and the severity of risk consequences,and little research is carried out combined with system vulnerability.As an inherent property of the system,the adverse effects of vulnerability under external disturbance seriously restrict the risk management process.However,there has been no scientific review of the current research on the vulnerability of civil engineering construction systems by scholars.Through theme retrieval and disciplinary classification,103 English literature and 96 Chinese literature were selected.The software of Citespace literature analysis was used to statistically analyze publication time and journal distribution,and research hotspots and author-institution cooperation were summarized.This paper reviewed the vulnerability of civil engineering construction systems from the aspects of vulnerability conception,analysis frameworks and assessment process.The study found that the research on vulnerability of civil engineering construction system was still in the exploratory stage.The commonly used framework of vulnerability analysis mainly included vulnerability sequential evolution framework,vulnerability-risk framework and hazard-vulnerability framework.The object of the vulnerability assessment primarily focused on construction safety system,emergency management system and project management system.The identification of vulnerability influencing factors and the construction of index systems mainly covered the human-machine-environment-management framework,vulnerability characteristic dimension framework and external environment-project participant-project characteristic framework.In the future,mature achievements of vulnerability theory from other disciplines can be absorbed and is combined with the characteristics of civil engineering construction systems to construct more clear and accurate vulnerability concepts and analysis frameworks,explore more scientific and applicable index systems,deepen practical application and expand research.This research can systematically summarize the current research of the vulnerability of civil engineering construction system.The results can provide inspiration and reference for subsequent related research.