高压直挂大容量电池储能系统实时仿真及控制研究

Real-time simulation and control of a large capacity bettery energy storage system directly connecting to a high-voltage grid without a transformer

电池储能具有响应速度快、功率密度高、安装地点无要求等特点,是目前十分有前景的储能技术之一。级联变流器用作大容量电池储能变流器时,能够省去工频变压器直接接入中高压电网,即高压直挂式电池储能系统,具备模块化、高电压直挂、单机大容量、多电平输出等优点。然而,目前国内外还缺乏计及电池外特性的高压直挂储能系统的实时仿真模型的研制以及基于实时仿真模型的控保策略研究。首先开发了国内外首个基于CPU和FPGA联合仿真的高压直挂大容量电池储能系统的实时仿真模型。其次以典型的35 kV高压直挂大容量电池储能系统为例,基于OPAL-RT的RT-LAB实时仿真平台,搭建了相应的实时仿真系统,能够支持控制保护系统的闭环接入。最后,多种工况下的测试结果能够验证实时仿真模型和控制保护策略的有效性,为高压直挂大容量电池储能系统的设计和控制优化提供技术支撑。

Because of its fast response,high power density,no strict installation location specification,battery energy storage is one of the most promising energy storage technologies.When a cascaded converter is used in a large capacity battery energy storage system,it can be directly connected to the medium/high voltage power system without a transformer,i.e.high voltage battery energy storage system without transformer,having the advantages of moduling,connecting to high-voltage system without a transformer,single-machine high capacity,multi-level output,etc.However,there is still a lack of model development and control strategy research based on real-time simulation in the study of such a system considering the battery's external characteristics.The first CPU-FPGA real-time simulation model in the world of such a storage system is developed.Taking a typical 35 kV system as an example,the corresponding real-time simulation system is built based on RT-LAB platform developed by OPAL-RT.It is verified that control and protection close access is feasible.Finally,the test results in different conditions shows the effectiveness of the simulation model and the relevant control and protection strategy.It can provide technical support for the design and control development of a high-voltage large capacity battery storage system.