早产儿支气管肺发育不良发病机制相关因子的研究进展

Research progress on factors related to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants

支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dysplasia,BPD)是早产儿疾病中最常见的病症之一。BPD患儿不仅会表现出肺功能受损、运动能力差和气道高反应性等,还会表现出长期的并发症。随着高通量测序技术的引入和分子生物学的不断发展,虽然其发病机制尚未被完全了解,但患儿的存活率显著提高。加深理解早产儿BPD发生、发展的分子机制,有助于BPD的治疗和护理。本文从肺内皮血管发育、肺部炎症反应和肺泡形成等3个方面综述了BPD相关因子的研究进展,有助于理解BPD的遗传机制。

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is one of the most common diseases of preterm infants.Children with BPD not only exhibited impaired lung function,poor exercise ability and airway hyper reactivity,but also long-term complications.With the introduction of high-throughput sequencing technology and the continuous development of molecular biology,although its pathogenesis has not been fully understood,the survival rate of children with BPD has been significantly improved.A deeper understanding of the occurrence and development of BPD in the preterm infants was helpful for the treatment and nursing of BPD.In this paper,the research progress of BPD related factors was reviewed from three aspects,including pulmonary endothelial vascular development,pulmonary inflammatory response and pulmonary alveoli formation,which was advantageous to explain the genetic mechanism of BPD.