唐五代宋时期成都城游宴与政治景观

Tour Banquet and Political Landscape in Chengdu City during the Tang,Five and Song Dynasties

唐五代宋时期,游宴是成都城最重要的城市公共活动。治理者基于各自的政治目的,在游宴中营造了特定政治景观。唐中晚期,西川节度使举行公共化和场景化的游宴活动,借此施恩幕僚班底,向军民宣扬使府的政治意图,以期构建“专其事权”的藩镇权力秩序,游宴景观由民俗走向政治化。五代时期,前、后蜀举办皇帝、官、民均参与的游宴活动,营造了“永致清平”和“京辇繁华”的“玉京”政治景观,增强了政权合法性。不自觉形成重心在民的“游观”政治,对政局产生了直接影响。北宋中前期,宋廷认为成都城“游观”政治与治乱具有直接关系,对游宴景观采取全过程管控策略,将其作为以治易乱的治理方式。唐五代宋时期,成都城游宴经历了从重官“宴”至重民“游”的转变,体现了政治景观所观照群体与时局的契合。

From the Tang to Song Dynasties,tour banquet was the most important urban public activity in Chengdu city.For their political purposes,the rulers created a specific political landscape by hosting tour banquets.In the middle and late Tang Dynasty,by hosting public and scene-oriented banquets,military governors bestowed their kindness to the staff groups,publicizing special political strategies,so that they could construct an“exclusively administrative”order.Therefore,the landscape of banquets transformed from a folk custom to a politicized event;During the era of the Five Dynasties,officials and common people all participated in Chengdu tour banquet activities.The Shu emperors created the capital landscape of the“eternal peace”and“prosperity chariot”to enhance the legitimacy of their regime.Unconsciously,these activities formed the“sightseeing”politics with a focus on the common people,which impacted directly on the contemporary political situation;In the Northern Song Dynasty,the Song court considered that the politics of“sightseeing”had a direct relationship to the political stability,so that it adopted process control for the tour banquet,taking it seriously for stabilizing the society.During the Tang,Five,and Song dynasties,Chengdu’s tour banquets shifted their focus from official’s“Banquet”to common people’s“tour”,which reflected the changing groups cared by the political landscape.