呼吸训练联合低频脉冲电刺激在产后腹直肌分离产妇康复中的应用效果

Application Effect of Breathing Training Combined with Low Frequency Pulse Electrical Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Postpartum Diastasis Recti Abdominis

目的探讨呼吸训练联合低频脉冲电刺激在产后腹直肌分离产妇康复中的应用效果。方法选取2021年3月—2023年5月于聊城市第二人民医院诊断为腹直肌分离的患者90例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和研究组各45例。对照组采用低频脉冲电刺激治疗,研究组在低频脉冲电刺激治疗后进行呼吸训练,比较两组治疗前后的腹围、腹内压、腹直肌间距、腹直肌均方根值(root mean square,RMS)、盆底Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类肌纤维肌力以及视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分。结果治疗后,研究组腹围和腹上角低于对照组,而腹内压高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组腹直肌间距在脐上方5 cm、脐水平和脐下方5 cm处均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组腹直肌RMS、Ⅰ类肌纤维肌力最大值和Ⅱ类肌纤维肌力最大值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组各时间点VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼吸训练联合低频冲电刺激治疗,可以改善腹直肌分离程度,提高盆底肌力,改善腰部疼痛程度。

Objective To investigate the effect of breathing training combined with low-frequency pulse electrical stimulation in the rehabilitation of postpartum diastasis recti abdominis.Methods A total of 90 patients diagnosed with diastasis recti abdominis after delivery in Liaocheng Second People's Hospital from March 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into control group and study group randomly,with 45 cases in each group.The control group was treated with low-frequency pulse electrical stimulation,and the research group was treated with respiratory training after low-frequency pulse electrical stimulation.The clinical efficacy of the two groups after treatment was compared,and the abdominal circumference,intra-abdominal pressure,rectus spacing,root mean square(RMS)value of rectus muscle,class I and Class II muscle strength of pelvic floor muscle fibers and visual analog scale(VAS)scores of the two groups were compared before and after treatment.Results After treatment,the abdominal circumference and upper abdominal angle of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group,the abdominal pressure was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The distance between rectus abdominis muscles of 5 cm above the umbilicus,the umbilical level and 5 cm below the umbilicus were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The maximum muscle strength of rectus abdominis muscle RMS,Class I muscle fiber and classⅡmuscle fiber were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The VAS scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group at all time periods(P<0.05).Conclusion Respiratory training combined with low-frequency electrical stimulation can improve the degree of separation of the rectus abdominis muscle,enhance pelvic floor muscle strength,and alleviate lower back pain.