动物细胞永生化研究进展

Research Progress in the Immortalization of Animal Cells

细胞永生化是指通过各种手段、方式来突破原代细胞衰老的限制,延长细胞寿命,实现细胞无限复制增殖,是当前生物医学领域研究的一个热点与难点。永生化细胞株/系可用于生物制品研发、衰老机制探索以延伸生命等;然而目前永生化细胞种类不多、永生化技术相对较难,肿瘤风险以及动物福利伦理等原因,还不能满足研发需求。目的细胞永生化不仅可以永久保存动物细胞遗传资源,还对多种疾病的诊断、治疗及细胞基质疫苗的研发等提供支持。本文就动物细胞永生化的原理、永生化机制及方法的研究最新进展进行综述,为未来的生物医学研究和应用提供参考。

Cell immortalization refers to breaking through the limitations of primary cell aging,extending cell lifespan,and achieving unlimited cell replication and proliferation through various means and methods,which is a hot and difficult research topic in the current biomedical field.Immortalized cell lines can be used for the development of biological products,exploration of aging mechanisms to extend life,etc.However,due to the limited variety of immortalized cells,relatively difficult immortalization technology,tumor risk,and animal welfare ethics,it still cannot meet the research and developing needs.The purpose of immortalizing cells is not only to permanently preserve the genetic resources of animal cells,but also to provide support for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases,as well as to develop cell matrix for vaccines.This article reviews the latest progresses in the principles,mechanisms,and methods of immortaling animal cells,providing reference for future biomedical research and applications.