35例犬乳腺肿瘤的病例调查分析

Investigation and analysis of 35 cases of canine mammary tumors

犬乳腺肿瘤是兽医临床中常见的疾病,肿瘤形态复杂、种类繁多,常伴有多发性和转移性,严重危害了犬的健康,攻克该病对小动物临床医学具有重大意义。通过随机调查上海闵行区宠物医院近年来的35例犬乳腺肿瘤病例,对个体发病情况、诊治方法、治疗效果和疾病转归进行比较。结果显示,犬乳腺肿瘤多见于雌犬而雄犬几乎不发病,发病机制与雌性生殖器官分泌的雌性激素强相关,绝育能够有效降低发病率;在诊断上,病理组织切片检查在临床中应用广泛,被视为犬乳腺肿瘤诊断的金标准;良性肿瘤通常无明显病理表现,可通过手术摘除,而恶性肿瘤组织多表现浸润性和转移性,通常预后不良;因乳腺分布位置易于手术摘除,临床多选择外科手术进行治疗,同时配合其他辅助疗法可促进术后恢复和降低肿瘤复发率。结合过往研究和实际案例,讨论犬乳腺肿瘤病例的诊治方法实际应用效果和影响乳腺肿瘤发生发展因素,为攻克犬乳腺肿瘤病提供参考。

Canine mammary tumor is a common disease in veterinary clinic.Tumor morphology is complex,various,often accompanied by multiple and metastatic,which seriously endangers the health of dogs.It is of great significance to overcome this disease for small animal clinical medicine.35 cases of canine mammary tumors in recent years were randomly investigated in Minhang District Pet Hospital of Shanghai,and the individual incidence,diagnosis and treatment methods,treatment effects,and disease outcomes were compared.The results showed that canine mammary tumors were more common in female dogs than in male dogs,and the pathogenesis was strongly related to estrogen secreted by female reproductive organs,and sterilization could effectively reduce the incidence.In diagnosis,histopathological examination is widely used in clinical practice and is regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis of canine mammary tumors.Benign tumors usually have no obvious pathological manifestations and can be removed by surgery,while malignant tumors often show infiltration and metastasis,and usually have poor prognosis.Because the distribution of breast is easy to be removed by surgery,surgical treatment is often selected in clinic,and other adjuvant therapies can promote postoperative recovery and reduce tumor recurrence rate.Combined with the past research and practical cases,this paper discusses the practical application effect of diagnosis and treatment methods of canine mammary tumor cases and the factors affecting the occurrence and development of breast tumor,so as to provide a reference for overcoming canine mammary tumor diseases.