《伤寒论》隐喻方剂名英译策略及方法比较研究

Comparative Study on the English Translation Strategies and Methods of Metaphorical Formula Titles in Treatise on Febrile Diseases

《伤寒论》含有丰富的隐喻思维和表达,具有浓厚的中国传统文化特色,其翻译特别是隐喻方剂名的翻译对其海外传播效果的影响至关重要。基于概念隐喻理论,对四个《伤寒论》英译本中隐喻方剂名的翻译进行研究,挖掘不同译者的英译策略及方法并进行对比分析。研究发现译者对隐喻类方剂中的中医文化关键词、隐喻意象等持有不同的见解,因而采用的翻译策略、方法、形式也不尽相同。对于中医文化内涵晦涩难懂的隐喻类方剂名,译者应遵循中医术语翻译的简洁性、民族性、回译性原则,为译文选择恰当的用词,传达原意象的含义,使读者能够联想到方剂名隐喻意象的文化内涵,必要时可通过加括号对方剂的基本信息或功效作用进行注解,从而实现隐喻方剂名英译效果的最优化。

Treatise on Febrile Diseases is rich in metaphorical thinking and expressions,which reflects its strong traditional Chinese cultural characteristics.Its translation,especially the translation of metaphorical formula titles,is very significant for its overseas dissemination and reception.Based on the theory of conceptual metaphor,the translation of metaphorical formula titles in four English versions of Treatise on Febrile Diseases and the English translation strategies and methods by different translators are analyzed.Translators hold different opinions on key words of TCM culture and metaphorical images in metaphorical formula titles which leads to various translation strategies,methods and forms.For the metaphorical formula titles with obscure TCM cultural connotations,translators should follow the principles of brevity,nationality,and back-translatability in TCM terminology translation,choose appropriate words for the translation to convey the meaning of the original metaphorical image,and add brackets to annotate the basic information or efficacy of the formula when necessary,so as to optimize the English translation effect of metaphorical formula titles.