2015年-2022年西安市某医院其他感染性腹泻流行病学与病原学特征分析

Analysis of the Epidemiological and Etiological Characteristics of Other Infectious Diarrhea in a Hospital in Xi'an from 2015 to 2022

目的了解西安市其他感染性腹泻的流行病学特征和病原分布特征,为防控政策提供依据。方法收集西安市某三甲医院2015年1月1日-2022年12月31日其他感染性腹泻病例信息,采用描述性流行病学方法分析其他感染性腹泻的流行病学特征与病原谱构成特征。结果2015年1月1日-2022年12月31日共报告其他感染性腹泻病例38653例,发病高峰主要集中于11月至次年2月,构成比为51.9%(20077/38653),男女发病数性别比为1.26,发病年龄集中于0岁~6岁,构成比为86.26%(33342/38653),职业以散居儿童为主,构成比为76%(29376/38653)。全部病例中确诊病例的构成比为53.77%(20782/38653),以病毒感染为主,其中轮状病毒最多,构成比为94.43%(18853/19966)。结论其他感染性腹泻发病年龄集中于0岁~6岁,以轮状病毒感染最多,应加强轮状病毒预防相关知识的科普工作,0岁~6岁散居儿童尽早接种轮状病毒疫苗。

Objectives This study aims to understand the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen distribution characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Xi'an to provide a basis for prevention and control policies.Methods Information on other infectious diarrhea cases in a tertiary hospital in Xi'an from January 1,2015 to December 31,2022 were collected.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum composition characteristics.Results A total of 38,653 other infectious diarrhea cases were reported from January 1,2015 to December 31,2022.The incidence peak was mainly from November to February of the next year,accounting for 51.90%(20,077/38,653).The sex ratio of male to female incidence was 1.26.The age of onset was mainly 0-6 years old,accounting for 86.26%(33,342/38,653).The occupation is mainly composed of scattered children,with a composition ratio of 76%(29376/38653).Confirmed cases accounted for 53.77%(20,782 out of 38,653)of the total cases,mainly due to virus infection.Among these cases,rotavirus was the most common,accounting for 94.43%(18,853 out of 19,966).Conclusions The onset of other infectious diarrhea typically occurs between 0 and 6 years of age,with rotavirus being the most common cause.Strengthening the dissemination of knowledge about rotavirus prevention is essential,and vaccination against rotavirus should be administered to children aged 0 to 6 as early as possible.