基于广泛靶向代谢组学的何首乌块根和叶片代谢物差异分析

Widely targeted metabolomics reveals differential metabolites between root tuber and leaf of Fallopia multiflora

为揭示何首乌叶片与块根中代谢物的种类与相对含量差异,提高何首乌资源的综合利用率,采用UPLC-MS/MS广泛靶向代谢组学的方法对何首乌的块根与叶片中的代谢物成分进行检测,并结合主成分分析、层次聚类分析和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析,筛选何首乌叶片与块根间的差异代谢物。结果表明,何首乌叶片和块根中共检测到15类1942种代谢物,在块根中有1861种,叶中有1901种,1820种为两者共有,数量上以酚酸、黄酮、氨基酸及衍生物和生物碱为主;从两者中共筛选得到1200个差异代谢物,占共有代谢物的65.9%,其中有813种在叶片中含量显著高于块根,387种在块根中含量显著高于叶片;黄酮类代谢物在两者中检测数量最多且差异最显著,而茋类及蒽醌类主要药效成分在块根显著富集。根据差异代谢物KEGG通路富集结果,主要在黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成通路和亚油酸代谢通路中显著富集。该研究发现何首乌中含有丰富的代谢物,叶片与块根代谢成分种类相似,但含量存在较大差异,研究结果对何首乌资源的开发与利用提供一定的理论指导。

This study aims to reveal the differences in the species and relative content of metabolites in the leaf and root tuber of Fallopia multiflora and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of F.multiflora resources.The metabolites in the root tubers and leaves of F.multiflora were detected by widely targeted metabolomics based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The principal component analysis,hierarchical cluster analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were carried out to screen the differential metabolites between the leaf and root tuber of F.multiflora.The result showed that a total of 1942 metabolites in 15 categories were detected in the leaf and root tuber of F.multiflora,including 1861 metabolites in the root tuber,1901 metabolites in the leaf,and 1820 metabolites in both.The metabolites were mainly phenolic acids,flavonoids,amino acids and derivatives,and alkaloids.A total of 1200 differential metabolites were screened out,accounting for 65.9%of the total metabolites.Among these differential metabolites,813 and 387 showed higher content in the leaf and root tuber,respectively.Flavonoids were the metabolites with the largest number and the most significant differences between the leaf and root tuber,and stilbenes and anthraquinones as the main active compounds mainly existed in the root tuber.The KEGG enrichment results suggested that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis pathways and linoleic acid metabolism pathway.This study discovered abundant metabolites in F.multiflora.The metabolites were similar but had great differences in the content between the leaf and root tuber.The research results provide theoretical guidance for the development and utilization of F.multiflora resources.