专科护士主导的肺康复专项干预对肺叶切除术患者康复效果的影响

Effect of special intervention of pulmonary rehabilitation led by specialist nurses on the rehabilitation effect of patients with pulmonary lobectomy

目的探究专科护士主导的肺康复专项干预对肺叶切除术患者康复效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2021年5月至2022年12月枣庄市胸科医院收治的肺叶切除术患者85例。其中2021年5~12月收治的患者为常规组(n=39),接受常规肺康复干预;2022年1~12月收治的患者为肺康复组(n=46),接受专科护士主导的肺康复专项干预。记录并比较两组患者首次下床时间、平均住院时间、术后14 d的6 min步行试验行走距离、最大通气量、时间通气量、指脉氧饱和度、干预后并发症发生率以及患者对干预方案的满意度。结果两组的胸腔引流管拔出时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肺康复组患者的平均首次下床时间、平均住院时间均短于常规组、术后14 d 6 min步行试验行走距离大于常规组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);干预后,两组的最大通气量、时间通气量以及指脉氧饱和度相比干预前均出现提升,且肺康复组高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺康复组患者干预后的并发症发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺康复组患者对护理服务、康复指导、多媒体演示以及健康宣教满意度均高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论专科护士主导的肺康复专项干预能够加快肺叶切除术患者的康复进程,促进其心肺功能、呼吸功能的恢复,降低并发症发生率,提升患者满意度。

Objective To explore the influence of special intervention of pulmonary rehabilitation led by specialist nurses on the rehabilitation effect of patients with pulmonary lobectomy.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on 85 patients with pulmonary lobectomy admitted to the hospital from May 2021 to December 2022.Among them,patients admitted from May to December 2021 were in the conventional group(n=39),and received routine pulmonary rehabilitation intervention.Patients admitted from January to December 2022 were in the pulmonary rehabilitation group(n=46),which received special pulmonary rehabilitation intervention led by specialist nurses.The first time of getting out of bed,the average length of hospital stay,the 6-minute walking distance 14 days after surgery,the maximum volume of gas,the time of ventilation,the oxygen saturation of the finger pulse,the incidence of complications after intervention and the satisfaction of patients with the intervention plan were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the extraction time of thoracic drainage tube between the two groups(P>0.05).The mean time to get out of bed for the first time and the mean time to stay in hospital in the pulmonary rehabilitation group were shorter than those in the conventional group,and the walking distance in the 6 minutes walking test 14 days after surgery was greater than that in the conventional group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the maximum volume of gas,time ventilation and pulse oxygen saturation of 2 groups were increased compared with before intervention,and pulmonary rehabilitation group was higher than conventional group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of complications after intervention in pulmonary rehabilitation group was lower than that in conventional group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The satisfaction of nursing service,rehabilitation guidance,multimedia presentation and health education in pulmonary rehabilitation group was higher than that in conventional group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The special intervention of pulmonary rehabilitation led by specialist nurses can accelerate the rehabilitation process of patients with pulmonary lobectomy,promote the recovery of their cardiopulmonary function and respiratory function,reduce the incidence of complications,and improve patient satisfaction.