LEARNS模式的健康教育对结核性脓胸患者术后自护能力、心理状态和康复的影响

Effect of health education based on LEARNS model on postoperative self-care ability, psychological state and rehabilitation of patients with tuberculous empyema

目的探究LEARNS模式的健康教育对结核性脓胸患者术后自护能力、心理状态和康复的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2022年10月上海市肺科医院收治的110例结核性脓胸患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各55例。对照组接受常规健康教育,观察组接受LEARNS模式的健康教育。比较两组自护能力〔自我护理能力量表(ESCA)〕、心理状态〔医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)〕及康复情况〔SF-36健康调查量表〕。结果观察组出院后1个月随访时(干预后)ESCA中各维度评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后焦虑、抑郁评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组导管并发症总发生率明显低于对照组(3.64%vs 16.36%,P<0.05)。观察组拔管时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后SF-36中各维度评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论LEARNS模式的健康教育可明显提高结核性脓胸患者术后自护能力,改善心理状态,加速其康复进程并提高康复质量。

Objective To explore the effect of health education based on Listen-Establish-Adopt-Reinforce-Name-Strengthen(LEARNS)model on postoperative self-care ability,psychological state and rehabilitation of patients with tuberculous empyema.Methods A total of 110 patients with tuberculous empyema admitted to this hospital from January 2019 to October 2022 were selected as the research objects.The patients were divided into control group and observation group(55 cases each)by random number table method.The control group received routine health education,and the observation group received LEARNS mode of health education.Self-care ability〔Exercise of Self-care Agency Scale(ESCA),mental state(Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)〕and recovery status〔the MOS Item Short From Health Survey(SF-36)〕were compared between the two groups.Results The scores of ESCA in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 1 month follow-up after discharge after intervention(P<0.05).The scores of anxiety and depression in HADS in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of catheter complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(3.64%vs 16.36%,P<0.05).The extubation time of observation group was significantly shorter than that of control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of SF-36 in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The health education of LEARNS model can significantly improve the postoperative self-care ability of patients with tuberculous empyema,improve their psychological state,accelerate their rehabilitation process and improve the quality of rehabilitation.