旧向新的过渡:清末奉天司法官群体的养成机制

Transition from Old to New:the Cultivation Mechanism of the Judicial Officials in Fengtian During the Late Qing Dynast

清末奉天司法改革中的司法官是一个由大量体制内官员尤其是候补候选佐杂之人改任而来的“旧人”群体,但部分传统官绅通过新式法政教育完成了知识更新和身份转型。从传统奏调札委的选任方式发展到统一考试、严行考选,司法官的养成机制呈现出舍旧谋新的过渡性特征。奉天新式司法官群体虽然形成,但是其职业化之路刚刚起步,距离完成尚需艰辛的历程。

In the judicial reform of Fengtian in the late Qing Dynasty,judicial officials were a group of"old people"who were replaced by a large number of officials within the system,especially those who were candidates for miscellaneous positions.However,some traditional officials and gentry completed knowledge updates and identity transformation through new legal and political education.From the traditional method of selecting and appointing officials to unified and strict examinations,the cultivation mechanism of judicial officials presented a transitional feature of abandoning the old and seeking the new.Although a new group of judicial officials in Fengtian was formed,their professionalization had just begun and there was still a difficult journey to complete.