2022年猴痘流行初期各国首例猴痘输入病例的防控措施分析

Analysis of the prevention and control measures for the first imported monkeypox case in the early stage of the global monkeypox epidemic in 2022

目的 回顾分析2022年全球猴痘流行初期各国应对首例输入性猴痘病例的防控措施,为我国借鉴全球输入性传染病防控经验提供参考。方法 检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等英文数据库,检索时间为自数据库建库至2022年10月1日。根据制定的纳入/排除标准筛选文献,提取2022年猴痘流行初期各国首例输入性猴痘病例的防控措施,并通过主题分析进行归纳总结。结果 共检索获得文献8 247篇,阅读标题和摘要后筛选余370篇,最终通过阅读全文纳入26篇文献,报告了26个国家在猴痘流行初期针对30例首发输入性猴痘病例采取的防控措施。多国针对首例输入性猴痘采取了综合的防控措施,包括早期识别和隔离治疗、加强疾病监测预警、追踪密切接触者并对其采取暴露后预防及为接触猴痘患者的医务人员提供个人防护装备。结论 针对输入性传染病病例采取综合防控措施是防止输入再传播及暴发流行的关键。

Objective To learn from the global experience in preventing and controlling imported infectious diseases,a retrospective analysis was conducted on the prevention and control measures of the first imported monkeypox case reported in each country in the early stage of the global monkeypox epidemic in 2022.Methods The PubMed,Embase,Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched.The search time was limited from the inception to October 1,2022.Literature screening was conducted according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria.The prevention and control measures for the first imported case with monkeypox in each country in the early stage of 2022 global monkeypox epidemic were extracted and summarized through thematic analysis.Results A total of 8247 documents were retrieved.After reading the title and abstract,370 articles were screened.Finally,26 articles were included through reading the full text.A total of 26 documents reported the prevention and control measures implemented by 26 countries in response to 30 first imported monkeypox cases in the early stage of 2022 global monkeypox epidemic were included for analysis.Comprehensive prevention and control measures in response to the first monkeypox case were identified,such as isolating and treating the first imported monkeypox case,strengthening surveillance and management,tracing contacts,administering post-exposure prophylaxis to close contacts,and providing personal protective equipment to medical staff exposed to infected cases.Conclusion Taking comprehensive prevention and control measures was the key to prevent further transmission of imported infectious diseases and outbreaks.