气候变暖背景下黄河中游晋西黄土高原的植被响应

Vegetation Response of the Western Shanxi Loess Plateau in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River under the Background of Climate Warming

笔者介绍了黄河中游晋西黄土高原概况,综述了植被分布、植被覆盖、植被物种多样性及植被物候对气候因子的响应。黄河中游晋西黄土高原属于半干旱地带,植被主要为草本、灌木及一些适宜半干旱条件的乔木,水热条件是影响黄河中游晋西黄土高原植被覆盖的主要限制因子。黄河中游晋西黄土高原山地植物物种多样性分布的主要特征是乔木物种多样性、草本物种多样性和系统发育多样性均随海拔升高而递减,灌木物种多样性无明显变化趋势;乔木物种丰富度与生长季节平均温度呈显著正相关。2000年至2015年,黄河中游晋西黄土高原植被物候发生显著变化,植被生长季开始日期提前和结束日期推迟的区域较多。

The overview of the western Shanxi Loess Plateau in the middle reaches of the Yellow River was introduced.The response of distribution of vegetation,vegetation coverage and plant growth,vegetation species diversity and vegetation phenology to climate factors was summarized.The western Shanxi Loess Plateau in the middle reaches of the Yellow River belonged to the semi-arid zone with vegetation mainly composed of herbs,shrubs and some arbors suitable for semi-arid conditions.Water and heat conditions were the main limiting factors affecting vegetation coverage and plant growth in the western Shanxi Loess Plateau in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.The main characteristics of plant species diversity distribution in the mountainous areas of the western Shanxi Loess Plateau in the middle reaches of the Yellow River were that arbor species diversity,herbaceous species diversity and phylogenetic diversity all decreased with the increase of altitude,while shrub species diversity changes showed no obvious trend.The richness of arbor species was significantly positively correlated with the average temperature during the growing season.From 2000 to 2015,there were significant changes in vegetation phenology of the western Shanxi Loess Plateau in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.There were more areas where the start dates of the vegetation growth season advanced and the end dates of the vegetation growth season postponed.