中国油气管网运行关键技术及展望

Key technologies and prospects for the operation of oil and gas pipeline networks in China

管道是连接油气产业链上下游的关键纽带,是现代能源体系和现代综合交通体系的重要组成部分。在油气体制深化改革和“碳达峰、碳中和”战略目标下,油气管道正朝着大型化、网络化、多元化的方向发展,为大规模复杂管网的运行管理带来了新的机遇和挑战。基于我国油气管网发展现状,聚焦系统分析、仿真优化、运行监测和新型管道输送4个关键领域,剖析了油气管网运行相关研究的发展动态以及面临的难点,包括管网系统可靠性和韧性评估技术、管网运行仿真和调运优化技术、管道本体监测与修复技术以及氢气、甲醇、液氨、LNG管道输送技术等。针对“全国一张网”新阶段和“多能源互补”新动向,总结了数字孪生、智能调控、智能预警、多网融合等前瞻性技术攻关方向,旨在推动我国油气管网安全、高效、绿色转型。最后,提出展望:现阶段,需要立足我国能源资源禀赋,加快适应新形势下的管网运营模式,发挥油气管网在“全国一张网”发展新阶段下的能源大动脉作用;未来,需要稳步推进多元介质的管网灵活输送,挖掘油气管网在综合立体交通和综合能源系统中的发展潜力。

The pipeline serves as a vital link connecting the upstream and downstream segments of the oil and gas industry chain,playing a crucial role in modern energy systems and comprehensive transportation systems.Amidst the deepening institutional reforms within the oil and gas sector and the strategic goal of"carbon peak and carbon neutrality",oil and gas pipelines are evolving towards large scales,networking and diversification,which brings both new opportunities and challenges to the operation management of extensive and intricate pipeline networks.Leveraging insights from the current development status of China's oil and gas pipeline networks,this paper analyzed the trends and difficulties in the research of oil and gas pipeline network operation across four pivotal domains:system analysis,simulation and optimization,operation monitoring,and new pipeline transportation.Relevant research included reliability and resilience evaluation technology for pipeline network system,operation simulation and transportation optimization technology for pipeline networks,pipeline body monitoring and repair technology,as well as pipeline transportation technology for hydrogen,methanol,liquid ammonia,and LNG.In light of the new era of"one network nationwide"and the emerging trend of"multi-energy complementarity",forward-looking technological research directions have been proposed,such as digital twin,intelligent scheduling and control,intelligent early warning,and multi-network integration,aiming to drive the safe,efficient,and green development transformation of China's oil and gas pipeline networks.Finally,this paper put forward the prospect:at this stage,it is necessary to capitalize on China's energy and resource endowments,accelerate the adaptation to the operation mode of pipeline networks amidst the new landscape,and play the role of oil and gas pipeline networks as an energy artery in the new stage of"one network nationwide".In the future,it is necessary to progressively advance the flexible transportation capabilities of pipeline networks across multiple media,and tap the development potential of oil and gas pipeline networks within comprehensive transportation systems and integrated energy systems.