山东省六市九医院脑卒中危险因素的病例对照研究

Risk factors of stroke in nine hospitals of six cities in Shandong,China:a case-control study

目的 探讨山东省六市九医院脑卒中患病的危险因素,比较半岛地区和内陆地区居民脑卒中患病危险因素的异同。方法 选取2022年12月至2023年10月在9所山东大学齐鲁医院康复医学专科联盟医院脑卒中患者作为病例组,以同时期在相关医院进行健康体检的人群作为对照组,两组研究对象样本数相同,按照年龄和性别进行匹配,并收集社会人口学信息和既往疾病史,分析脑卒中的危险因素。结果 最终纳入438例。居住在内陆(OR=2.07, 95%CI 1.26~3.40, P=0.04)、吸烟(P=0.007)、饮酒(OR=6.67,95%CI 1.16~38.37, P=0.019)、抑郁(OR=2.16, 95%CI 1.03~4.53, P=0.042)、高血压(OR=4.15, 95%CI2.34~7.39, P <0.001)是发生脑卒中的危险因素。对半岛和内陆居民进行分层分析,吸烟(OR=3.35,95%CI 1.11~10.10, P=0.013)和高血压(OR=2.79, 95%CI 1.12~6.95, P=0.004)是半岛地区居民脑卒中可能的危险因素,肥胖(腰围超标)(OR=1.08, 95%CI 1.03~1.13, P=0.001)、抑郁(OR=4.27, 95%CI 1.38~13.23,P=0.013)和高血压(OR=4.8, 95%CI 2.21~10.43, P <0.001)是内陆地区居民脑卒中可能的危险因素。结论 高血压是山东省六市九医院脑卒中患病最可能的危险因素,此外,居住在内陆、吸烟、饮酒也可能会使脑卒中的患病风险增加。半岛地区和内陆地区居民脑卒中可能的危险因素存在差异。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of stroke in nine hospitals of six cities of Shandong,and compare the differences between residents of peninsula and inland areas.Methods Stroke patients in nine hospitals belonging to the Rehabilitation Medicine Alliance of Qilu Hospital of Shandong Universityfrom December,2022 to October,2023 were selected as the case group.The control group consisted of individuals undergoing health check-ups at the same hospitals during the same period.The sample size of both groups was equal,matched by age and gender,and demographic information and medical history were collected,and the risk factors of stroke were analyzed.Results A total of 438 cases were included.Residence in the inland(OR=2.07,95%CI 1.26 to 3.40,P=0.04),smoking(P=0.007),alcohol consumption(OR=6.67,95%CI 1.16 to 38.37,P=0.019),depression(OR=2.16,95%CI 1.03 to 4.53,P=0.042)and hypertension(OR=4.15,95%CI 2.34 to 7.39,P<0.001)were possible risk factors of stroke.However,smoking(OR=3.35,95%CI 1.11 to 10.10,P=0.013)and hypertension(OR=2.79,95%CI 1.12 to 6.95,P=0.004)were possible risk factors for the prevalence of stroke among residents in peninsula areas,and obesity(excess waist circumference)(OR=1.08,95%CI 1.03 to 1.13,P=0.001),depression(OR=4.27,95%CI 1.38 to 13.23,P=0.013)and hypertension(OR=4.8,95%CI 2.21 to 10.43;P<0.001)were possible risk factors for the prevalence of stroke among residents in the inland areas.Conclusion Hypertension is the most likely risk factor for stroke in nine hospitals of six cities of Shandong Province.Additionally,living inland,smoking and alcohol consumption may also increase the risk of stroke.There are differences in possible risk factors for stroke between peninsula and inland residents,and targeted stroke prevention and control measures should be implemented for different regions.