重型商用车节能关键技术分析

Key technologies of energy saving for a heavy-duty commercial vehicle

为降低重型商用车燃油消耗量,采用MATLAB软件综合评估柴油机高效清洁燃烧、内燃机余热回收非制冷剂朗肯循环等各项节能技术,结合整车转毂试验测试基准车型、演示样车的燃油消耗量及采用不同节能技术对应的燃油消耗量下降幅度,并对2种车型的燃油消耗量进行道路测试。结果表明:对于基准车型,MATLAB软件仿真得到重载柴油机高效清洁燃烧技术的综合评估效果最好,单车能源网络优化管理技术、卡车空气动力学减阻技术、卡车低滚轮胎技术的综合评估效果较好;整车转毂试验表明采用节能技术的演示样车在世界重型商用车瞬态循环工况、中国半挂牵引车列车行驶工况的节油率为11.79%和12.46%,低滚阻轮胎技术节油效果最好,燃油消耗量可减少1.42 L/100 km;采用节能技术优化后,综合节油率为12.17%。

To reduce fuel consumption in heavy-duty commercial vehicles,MATLAB software is used for comprehensive evaluation of various energy-saving technologies,including high-efficiency clean combustion of diesel engines and non-refrigerant Rankine cycle waste heat recovery in internal combustion engines.The fuel consumption of benchmark model and demonstration vehicle,as well as the reduction in fuel consumption achieved by different energy-saving technologies,are tested in full vehicle dynamometer tests.Road tests are also conducted on two types of vehicles.The results indicate that for the benchmark model,high-efficiency clean combustion technology for heavy-duty diesel engines has the best comprehensive evaluation effect in MATLAB simulations.Single-vehicle energy network optimization management technology,truck aerodynamics drag reduction technology,and low rolling resistance tire technology also show good comprehensive evaluation effects.Full vehicle dynamometer tests reveal that the demonstration vehicle with energy-saving technologies achieves fuel savings rates of 11.79%and 12.46%in the world heavy duty transient cycle and China semi-trailer tractor train driving cycle,respectively,with the best fuel-saving effect from low rolling resistance tire technology,reducing fuel consumption by 1.42 L/(100 km).After optimization with energy-saving technologies,the comprehensive fuel-saving rate is 12.17%.