建构高校内部质量保障体系:国际经验与中国路径

Building the Internal Quality Assurance System of Universities:International Experiences and Chinese Approach

全球有三种典型的高校质量保障模式,第一种是以认证为主要特征的美国模式,第二种是以审核性评估为主要特征的英国模式,第三种是以授权评估为主要特征的日本模式。美国、英国、日本三国高等教育治理共同发展趋势是强化高校主体地位,由外部评估转向内部评估。21世纪以来,中国高校质量保障体系也越来越强调高校自我评价和质量文化建设,高校内部质量保障体系建设日渐成为重点。建构中国特色高校内部质量保障体系,一是要健全高等教育质量标准,突出标准的导向功能;二是要完善高校组织与制度,强化高校自我评价;三是要培育高校质量文化,以评估促发展;四是要把握共性与个性关系,基于国情创造性转化。

There are three typical college quality assurance models in the world:the American model with accreditation as the main feature,the British model with audit evaluation as the main feature,and the Japanese model with authorization evaluation as the main feature.Their common development trend of higher education governance is to strengthen the dominant position of universities and shift from external evaluation to internal evaluation.Since the new century,the quality assurance system of Chinese colleges and universities has increasingly emphasized the self-evaluation and quality culture construction of colleges and universities,and the internal quality assurance system of colleges and universities has gradually become the focus of construction.To construct the internal quality assurance system of colleges and universities with Chinese characteristics,firstly,to improve the quality standards of higher education and highlight the guiding function of standards;secondly,to improve the organization and system of colleges and universities,strengthen the self-evaluation of colleges and universities;thirdly,to cultivate the quality culture of colleges and universities to promote development through evaluation;finally,to grasp the commonness and individuality,based on the national conditions of creative transformation.