电磁脉冲强化中螺线管线圈缠绕的对比研究

Study on comparison of solenoid coil winding in electromagnetic pulse intensification

为探索更好的螺线管线圈缠绕方式,从热力学、空间占有率和绕制角度考虑,分析得到矩形截面铜导线更适合绕制电磁脉冲螺线管线圈,运用有限元软件仿真模拟了5种缠绕形式的螺线管线圈在6 kV电压的电磁脉冲情况,对线圈及棒件受到的电磁力进行了对比分析。发现在单根导线中,平式缠绕导线的受力更小;在双根导线情况下,单层并联缠绕整体优于双层并联缠绕。在实验中采用棒件电磁脉冲表面强化技术,结果表明,在电磁力作用下导线的变形与电流热效应产生的温升是使螺线管线圈损坏的主要原因,双根导线单层并联缠绕的螺线管线圈性能更好且具有较长的使用寿命。电磁脉冲可以使钛棒的维氏硬度提升约15%,但过度加工会使硬度下降。

To explore a better winding method of solenoid coil,from the perspectives of thermodynamics,space occupancy and winding angle,it is analyzed that rectangular section copper wire is more suitable for winding electromagnetic pulse solenoid coil.The electromagnetic pulse conditions of the five winding types of solenoid coil with voltage of 6 kV were simulated by finite element software,and the electromagnetic force subjected to coil and rod was compared and analyzed.It is found that the force on the flat winding wire is smaller in the single wire.In double wires condition,single layer parallel winding is better than double layers parallel winding.The electromagnetic pulse surface strengthening technique of the rod was used in the experiment.The results show that the deformation of the wires under the action of electromagnetic force and the temperature rise caused by the current thermal effect are the main reasons for the damage of the solenoid coil.The single-layer parallel winding solenoid coil with two wires has better performance and longer service life.The electromagnetic pulse can increase the hardness of titanium rods by about 15%,but excessive processing can reduce the hardness.