数字经济对水资源压力的影响及空间效应

Impact of the digital economy on water stress and its spatial effects

利用2010—2020年中国30个省份(因数据缺失未统计西藏自治区和港澳台地区)的面板数据,通过构建评价指标体系对数字经济发展水平进行测算,基于水足迹测算方法,从水量和水质视角研究水资源压力及其时空变化,并采用基准回归模型和空间计量模型分析数字经济对水资源压力的影响。结果表明:研究期内水资源压力指数、基于蓝水足迹的水量压力和基于灰水足迹的水质压力整体上均呈现逐渐上升的趋势,东、中部地区水资源压力指数普遍高于西部地区。数字经济发展会显著降低区域水资源压力指数、水量压力及水质压力,且对区域整体水资源压力的影响存在区域异质性,数字经济对水资源压力的影响在东、中部地区显著,但在西部地区不显著。空间杜宾模型检验结果显示,数字经济发展不仅会降低本省份水资源压力指数,也会对周围省份的水资源压力有负向溢出作用。

This study used the panel data of 30 provinces in China(except the Xizang Autonomous Region,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan regions of China)from 2010 to 2020,measured the development level of the digital economy by constructing an evaluation indicator system,and explored the water resources pressure and its spatial and temporal variations from the perspective of water quantity and quality based on the water footprint methodology.The impact of the digital economy on water resources pressure was further analyzed through a benchmark regression model and a spatial econometric model.The empirical results indicate that:The water stress index,the water stress based on the blue water footprint and the water quality stress based on the grey water footprint showed an overall trend of gradual increase.Also,the stress index in the eastern and central regions was generally higher than that in the western region.The development of the digital economy significantly reduces the regional water stress index,water quantity pressure and water quality pressure,and there is regional heterogeneity in the impact on the overall regional water stress,which is significant in the eastern and central regions,but not in the western region.The results of the spatial Durbin model test indicated that,the development of the digital economy not only reduced the water stress of the province but also had a negative spillover effect on the water stress of the surrounding provinces.