实体器官移植患者术后症状群研究的范围综述

A scoping review of symptom clusters in patients after solid organ transplantation

目的对实体器官移植患者术后症状群的种类、特征、评估工具和影响因素进行范围综述。方法系统检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方(Wanfang)、维普(VIP)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、PubMed、Web of Science、EMbase、Cochrane Library数据库中实体器官移植患者术后症状群相关研究,检索时限为建库至2023年7月。结果共纳入22篇文献,肾、肺、肝、心脏移植术后分别提取11、9、7、1个症状群,涉及生理、心理、社会及脏器功能4个维度。症状群评估工具多样,影响因素包括患者自身、手术相关及社会环境3个方面。结论实体器官移植患者术后症状群的种类、特征具有多面性和相似性,临床管理应从多个维度入手,采取个性化与整体化相结合的方法。未来应进一步开展纵向及质性研究以揭示症状全貌并探索症状群的变化轨迹。

Objective To conduct a scoping review of types,characteristics,assessment tools,and influencing factors of symptom clusters in patients after solid organ transplantation.Method Relatedstudies regarding symptom clusters in patients after solid organ transplantation were retrieved in the databases of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,EMbase,and Cochrane Library,andthe search time was from the establishment of the database to July 2023.Results A total of 22 literatures were included,and 11,9,7,and 1 symptom clusters were extracted after kidney,lung,liver,and heart transplantation,involving4 dimensions of physiology,psychology,society,and organ function.Symptom clusters assessment tools were diverse,while the influencing factors of symptom clusters mainly included patients themselves,surgery-related,and socialenvironment.Conclusion The types and characteristics of postoperative symptom clusters in patients after solid organ transplantation are diverse and comparable,andclinical management should start from multiple dimensions and adopt a combination of personalized and holistic methods.Further longitudinal and qualitative studiesshould be carried out in the future for revealing a comprehensive understanding of symptom characteristics and theirchange trajectory.