基于元分析的大学生专业认同影响因素研究

Research on Influencing Factors of College Students' Professional Identity Based on Meta-analysis

专业认同水平关系到大学生能力发展、专业发展乃至高等教育事业的发展,探究大学生专业认同的影响因素对提高专业认同具有重要意义,然而既有研究结论并不统一,为此,本研究对30项实证研究进行元分析。结果表明,影响大学生专业认同的因素包括13个:个人特质、学习兴趣、学习动机、学习效能、专业价值观(统称为微观因素),教师指导、重要他人、课程设置、科研活动、学校环境(统称为中观因素),专业培养定位、社会认可度、专业前景(统称为宏观因素),均正向显著影响专业认同。其中,宏观因素对专业认同的影响最大,微观因素的影响次之,均有高度影响,中观因素的影响最小,有中等影响。与此同时,各因素对专业认同的影响还受学生类型、专业类别、学校所在地区的调节。最后,结合元分析结果,为提高大学生专业认同提出针对性建议。

The level of professional identity is related to the development of college students' ability, professional development and even the development of higher education, however, the existing findings are not uniform.To this end, 30 empirical studies conducted a meta-analysis.The results show that there are 13 factors influencing college students' professional identity: personal characteristics, learning interest, learning motivation, learning efficacy, professional values(collectively called micro-factors),teacher guidance, significant others, curriculum, research activities, and school environment(collectively referred to as meso-factors),the orientation of professional training, social recognition, professional prospects(collectively referred to as macro-factors),have a significant positive impact on professional identity.Among them, macro-factors have the greatest impact on professional identity, micro-factors have the next, have a high impact, meso-factors have the least impact, there is a moderate impact.At the same time, the influence of each factor on professional identity is regulated by student type, professional category and school area.Finally, combined with the results of meta-analysis, to improve the professional identity of college students put forward targeted recommendations.