锥形薄壁圆管吸能构件设计与吸能特性研究

Design of conical thin-walled circular tube's energy-absorption components and study on their energy-absorption characteristics

为提高液压支架在矿井中工作时的防冲性能,文中提出了一种锥形薄壁圆管吸能结构。根据其变形特点建立力学模型,并对其吸能量及平均压溃力进行计算。建立吸能结构的三维模型,通过ABAQUS有限元软件进行数值模拟分析,探究锥形薄壁圆管的锥度、壁厚和导向槽的直径对其轴向压溃的屈曲变形、初始峰值力、平均支反力、吸能总量和吸能效果的影响,并结合试验加以验证。研究结果表明:在不更改吸能构件其他参数的情况下,导向槽的直径降低或吸能构件壁厚的增加,均有利于初始峰值力、吸能总量与平均支反力的提高;锥度的增加,使得吸能构件的平均载荷显著降低,锥形管的加入有效防止了吸能构件在受压变形过程中,变形部件出现胀管和从中部压溃,不按预想的方式压溃的问题。

In this article,in order to improve the hydraulic support's anti-impact performance in coal mine,an energy-ab-sorption structure is proposed for conical thin-walled circular tubes.According to its deformation characteristics,the mechanical model is set up,and both the energy absorption and the average collapsing force are calculated.The three-dimensional model of the energy-absorption structure is set up,and then it is subject to numerical simulation with the help of the ABAQUS finite-ele-ment software.Efforts are made to explore the influence of the conical thin-walled circular tube's conical degree,wall thickness and guide groove diameter on axial buckling deformation,initial peak force,average support reaction force,total energy absorp-tion,and energy-absorption effect;then,these results are verified by experiments.It is shown that such factors as initial peak force,total energy absorption and average support reaction improve by decreasing the guide groove diameter or increasing the ener-gy-absorption components'wall thickness without changing other parameters.With the ever-growing conical degree,the energy-absorption components'average load significantly reduces,and the addition of the conical tube effectively prevents the deforming energy-absorption components from expanding beyond the tube and collapsing from the middle in an unexpected manner.