耦合InVEST与Geodetector模型的银川市生境质量时空演变特征及影响因子研究

Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of habitat quality in Yinchuan City by coupling InVEST and Geodetector models

银川市作为黄河流域重要的水源涵养区及国家重点生态功能区,其生境质量关乎区域生态安全和可持续发展。然而,针对银川市生境质量及其影响因子仍需深入研究。基于2000、2010年和2020年3期土地利用数据,耦合InVEST和Geodetector模型估算银川市20 a间生境质量,对研究区生境质量空间分布特征及影响因子进行分析。结果表明:(1)2000、2010年和2020年银川市平均生境质量指数分别为0.337、0.332和0.322,生境质量指数较低且20 a间略有下降,生境质量整体呈“南北高、中部低”的空间分布特征。(2)银川市生境质量在空间上存在着较强的空间集聚效应,莫兰指数呈下降趋势,集聚程度逐渐下降。(3)高程和土地利用类型是银川市生境质量的主要影响因子。各影响因子交互作用都存在增强效应,对生境质量的影响力随之增强,且以双因子增强为主,其次为非线性增强,其中高程与各因子的交互作用最为显著。研究结果可为银川市生态保护与高质量、可持续发展提供科学依据和决策支持。

As an essential water source conservation area and a fundamental national ecological functional area in the Yellow River Basin,Yinchuan City’s habitat quality is related to regional ecological security and sustainable development.However,further research is needed on the habitat quality and influencing factors in Yinchuan City of Ningxia,China.Based on three phases of land-use data from 2000,2010,and 2020,as well as the habitat quality module of the InVEST model,Moran’s I index,and Geodetector,habitat quality was estimated and the spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed over the past 20 years.The impact of nine influencing factors,such as elevation,slope,and vegetation coverage,etc,on habitat quality was quantified.The results showed the following:(1)Yinchuan City’s average habitat quality index in 2000,2010,and 2020 was 0.337,0.332,and 0.322,respectively.The habitat quality index was low and slightly decreased over the past 20 years.The magnitude and proportion of habitat quality improvement are lower than those of deterioration,and the habitat quality exhibits a spatial distribution characteristic of high in the north and south,and low in the middle.(2)Habitat quality has a strong spatial agglomeration effect in space,and Moran’s I index shows a downward trend.The degree of spatial autocorrelation of habitat quality has weakened,and agglomeration has gradually decreased.The LISA clustering map results show that the areas that have changed over the past 20 years primarily include the central and northern parts of the study area,with high-low clustering areas changing to low-low clustering areas.(3)Elevation and land-use type are the primary factors influencing habitat quality in Yinchuan City.The interplay of various influencing factors showed that the enhancement effect on habitat quality increases accordingly,primarily with a dual-factor enhancement,followed by a nonlinear enhancement.The interaction between elevation and various factors emerges as the most significant contributor.The results provide a scientific basis and support for decision-making for ecological protection and high-quality and sustainable development in Yinchuan City.