公共场所从业人员职业紧张在周工作时长与职业倦怠中的中介效应

The mediating effect of occupational stress on weekly working hours and occupational burnout among employees in public places

目的了解公共场所从业人员职业倦怠情况,探讨职业紧张在周工作时长与职业倦怠中的中介作用,以及轮班对其调节效应。方法采用整群随机抽样对某市519名公共场所从业人员进行调查,付出-回报失衡问卷、职业倦怠量表(MBI-GS)分别调查职业紧张与职业倦怠情况,采用非参数检验方法对基线资料进行分析,Spearman相关分析不同变量间的相关性,PROCESS 4.0插件进行调节中介效应分析。结果519名公共场所从业人员职业倦怠率为51.45%;不同周工作时长从业人员职业倦怠差异有统计学意义(H=20.636,P<0.001);付出-回报失衡模式职业紧张ERI>1从业人员情绪耗竭、愤世嫉俗得分均高于ERI≤1者,不同紧张程度职业倦怠差异具有统计学意义(Z=-8.350,P<0.001);Spearman相关分析结果显示职业倦怠评分与周工作时长、轮班、职业紧张、情绪耗竭、愤世嫉俗呈正相关(r分别为0.195、0.137、0.528、0.775和0.805,P<0.05),与职业效能呈负相关(r=-0.494,P<0.05)。职业紧张在公共场所从业人员周工作时长与职业倦怠的中介效应占比为66.67%,轮班调节效应显著(P<0.05)。结论公共场所从业人员职业倦怠严重,周工作时长可通过职业紧张的中介作用影响职业倦怠现象,轮班对其具有调节作用。

Objective To investigate the current situation of job burnout in public places employee,and to explore the mediating effect of occupational stress on weekly working hours and job burnout,and the moderating effect of shift work.Methods A cluster random sample was used to investigate 519 practitioners in public places in a city.The effort-reward imbalance questionnaire and MBI-GS was used to investigate occupational stress and Job burnout.The baseline data were analyzed by nonparametric test method.The correlation between different variables was analyzed by Spearman correlation,and the moderating mediation effect analysis was carried out by PROCESS 4.0.Results The job burnout rate of 519 employees in public places was 51.45%.There was statistical significance in job burnout among employees with different working hours(H=20.636,P<0.001).ERI>1 practitioners had higher scores of emotional exhaustion and cynicism than ERI≤1.The difference in job burnout with different stress levels was statistically significant(Z=-8.350,P<0.001).Spearman correlation results showed that job burnout scores were positively correlated with weekly working hours,shift work,occupational stress,emotional exhaustion and cynicism(r was 0.195,0.137,0.528,0.775 and 0.805,respectively,P<0.05).It was negatively correlated with professional efficacy(r=-0.494,P<0.05).The mediating effect of occupational stress on weekly working hours and Job burnout in public places accounted for 66.67%.The moderate effect of shift work was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Job burnout is serious among employees in public places.The working hours of the week can affect the phenomenon of burnout through the mediating effect of occupational stress,shift work have a moderating effect on job burnout.