基于产出导向工程教育理念的毕业要求达成评价(下)

On the Evaluation of the Achievement of Graduate Outcomes Based on Outcome-Based Engineering Education Principles(Part 2)

借鉴毕业要求达成评价的国际案例经验,基于OBE教育理念,立足学校和认证组织双维视角,提出未来工程教育专业认证的毕业要求达成评价参考方案。该参考方案由学校方面毕业要求达成评价的参考性实施框架和认证组织方面毕业要求达成评价的参考性考查框架两部分组成。学校方面毕业要求达成评价的参考性实施框架分为评价准备、评价实施和持续改进3个阶段,涵盖11个环节。认证组织方面毕业要求达成评价的参考性考查框架包括毕业要求参考性内容和毕业要求达成参考性评价方法,前者为学校制定专业毕业要求建立基准,后者旨在从认证组织方(认证机构)为专家考评与专业自评提供参考。为协助学校理解和应用参考方案和方法开展毕业要求达成评价,用一个机械工程专业的虚拟案例,对专业毕业要求达成评价的参考性实施框架进行演示性举例说明。需要强调的是,本文是一个探索性研究,希望能够起到抛砖引玉的作用,在根据《华盛顿协议》新版毕业要求(GAPC21),修订中国工程教育专业认证毕业要求的关键时期,推动开展更广泛且深入的工程教育专业认证相关理论与实践研究,持续提高工程教育质量与水平。

Drawing on the international cases'experience in the evaluation of the achievement of graduate outcomes and based on OBE education principles,an effort was made to construct a future referenced scheme for the evaluation of the achievement of graduate outcomes of engineering education from the perspectives of schools and accreditation organizations.The referenced scheme consists of two parts:the school's referenced implementation scheme and the accreditation organization's referenced review scheme.The school's referenced implementation scheme is generally divided into three stages:evaluation preparation,evaluation implementation and continuous improvement with 11 steps.The accreditation organization's referenced review scheme includes the referenced content of graduate outcomes and the referenced evaluation methods.The former establishes a benchmark for schools to formulate program's graduate outcomes,the latter aims to provide reference for expert evaluation and program self-evaluation from the perspective of the accreditation organization.In order to further explain how schools understand and utilize the referenced scheme,an evaluation of graduate outcomes of a mechanical engineering program as a virtual example was included to illustrate the school's referenced scheme.It should be emphasized that this is an exploratory study.It is authors'hope that this study would inspire more theoretical and implementation research explorations and continuously improve the quality and level of engineering education during the critical period of revising the graduate outcomes of China Engineering Education Accreditation Criteria based on GAPC21 of Washington Accord.