再谈新时代高等工程教育改革——以颠覆性技术为视角

Rethinking Reform in Higher Engineering Education in the New Era--From the Perspective of Disruptive Technologies

颠覆性技术被视为“改变游戏规则”和“重塑未来格局”的革命性力量。通过梳理颠覆性技术的历史发展脉络,阐述了其在不同历史阶段的表现形式、特征及其带来的产业革命,通过颠覆性技术的案例分析指出其基于科学技术的新原理、新组合和新应用而开辟的全新技术轨道,新质生产力通过用好颠覆性技术以实现产业、模式、动能的跃迁式更新,进而实现颠覆性技术创新的产业化、市场化与结构化,最终完成社会生产力的转型升级。新质生产力背景下,颠覆性技术对高等工程教育提出了新的要求与挑战,通过建构一套高等工程教育及其人才培养的“双三螺旋”模型,以期为政府、企业和大学做好战略性设计与安排提供理论与实践指引,培养出更多的能够适应和引领颠覆性技术发展的创新实践人才。

Disruptive technologies are regarded as a revolutionary force that"changes the rules of the game"and"reshapes the future landscape".By tracing the historical development of disruptive technologies,this paper expounds its manifestations,characteristics,and the industrial revolutions they bring about in different historical stages.Through case studies of disruptive technologies,it is demonstrated that disruptive technologies could open up new technological trajectories based on novel principles,combinations,and applications of scientific technology.The new quality productive forces can achieve a rapid upgrade of industries,modes,and driving forces by leveraging disruptive technologies to realize the transformation of social productive forces through their industrialization,marketization,and structuralization".Under the background of new quality productive forces,disruptive technologies have presented new demands and challenges for higher engineering education.By formulating a"double three-helix"model for advanced engineering education and talent development,the aim is to provide theoretical and practical guidance for governments,enterprises,and universities to make strategic design and arrangements,and cultivate more innovative practical talents who can adapt to and lead disruptive technological development.