咯菌腈与解淀粉芽胞杆菌X-119复配对葡萄灰霉病的防效

The control effect of fludioxonil combined with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X-119 on grape gray mold

为探究杀菌剂与解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X-119菌株复配防治葡萄灰霉病的可行性,通过平板试验筛选抑菌效果较好的杀菌剂与解淀粉芽胞杆菌X-119菌株进行复配,测定不同体积比复配剂对葡萄灰霉病的防效,并通过对菌丝形态、产孢量、产核能力及协同转运蛋白超家族(major facilitator superfamily,MFS)相关调控基因表达水平的观察筛选得到最优复配组合。结果显示,咯菌腈与解淀粉芽胞杆菌X-119菌株体积比为8∶2时的复配剂对葡萄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinereaH259、H261菌株的抑制效果最佳,毒性比率分别为1.77和1.73,防效分别为90.91%和72.33%;离体果实防效分别为83.06%和65.48%,温室防效分别为76.72%和76.24%,且复配剂防效高于单剂。且该复配剂可阻碍葡萄灰霉病菌菌丝正常生长,显著降低其产孢能力和产核能力。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,该复配剂处理葡萄灰霉病菌后细胞膜转运蛋白相关调控基因BCIN_09g00960、BCIN_03g02340和BCIN_09g00210的表达水平下调趋势显著。表明咯菌腈与解淀粉芽胞杆菌X-119菌株复配表现出良好的防控效果,生产中可将咯菌腈与解淀粉芽胞杆菌X-119菌株按体积比8∶2复配用于葡萄灰霉病防治。

In order to explore the feasibility of chemical fungicides combined with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X-119 strain to control grape gray mold,the chemical fungicides with good antibacterial effect were screened by plate test and combined with Ba.amyloliquefaciens X-119 strain to determine the control effect of different volume ratios on grape gray mold.The optimal combination was obtained by observing and screening the mycelial morphology,sporulation,nuclear production ability and the expression level of major facilitator superfamily(MFS)related regulatory genes.The results showed that the mixture of fludioxonil and Ba.amyloliquefaciens X-119 at a volume ratio of 8∶2 had the best antibacterial effect on Botrytis cinerea H259 and H261 strains.The toxicity ratios were 1.77 and 1.73,respectively,and the control effects were 90.91%and 72.33%,respectively.The control effects on detached fruit were 83.06%and 65.48%,and the control effect in greenhouse was 76.72%and 76.24%,and the control efficacy of compound agent was higher than that of single agent.The mixture of fludioxonil and Ba.amyloliquefaciens X-119 strain hindered the normal growth of mycelia and significantly reduced the sporulation ability and nuclear production ability of Bo.cinerea.The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression levels of cell membrane transporter-related regulatory genes BCIN_09g00960,BCIN_03g02340 and BCIN_09g00210 were significantly down-regulated after the treatment with Bo.cinerea.The results showed that the combination of fludioxonil and Ba.amyloliquefaciens X-119 strain showed promising prevention and control efficacy.In production,the mixture of fludioxonil and Ba.amyloliquefaciens X-119 strain at a volume ratio of 8∶2 could be used for the prevention and control of grape gray mold.