社会信用治理模型选择:由风险预测制迈向行为积分制

Model Choice for Social Credit Governance:Moving from a Risk-Prediction System to a Behavior Points System

模型是对实践的抽象化表达,内含实践的认知理念和价值判断。不同信用模型内含不同的信用治理理念并会产生不同的社会效果。风险预测制模型用于风险预测和秩序控制,在实际社会信用治理中产生过度收集数据、模型黑箱化、难以有效预测等问题。究其原因,在于技术设计过程未能有效反映治理需求,反而消解了人的主体性地位。社会信用治理需要从行为改变出发,迈向行为导向,转换治理范式。行为积分制模型以行为理论为支撑,通过将社区治理过程中的日常事项转化为积分激励事项,推动社区居民积极参与到社区经济、政治、社会、文化、生态等建设中,以共建推动共同治理,将共治行为转化为积分,进而实现治理成果的共享,提供了民主治理的新范式。在推动信用体系建设过程中,应更多考虑行为积分制模型的应用和推广。

A model is an abstract expression of practice,which contains the cognitive concepts and value judgments of practice.Different credit models contain different concepts of credit governance and produce different social effects.Risk prediction models are used for risk prediction and order control,but in the actual social credit governance,they cause problems such as over-collection of data,black-box modeling,and difficulty in effective prediction.The reason is that the technology design process fails to effectively reflect the governance needs,and on the contrary,it dissolves the subjective position of human beings.Social credit governance needs to start from behavioral change,move towards behavioral orientation,and transform the governance paradigm.Supported by behavioral theory,the model of behavior points system provides a new paradigm of democratic governance by transforming daily matters in the process of community governance into points incentives,promoting the active participation of community residents in the community's economic,political,social,cultural and ecological development and advancing the common governance through collaboration,and converting the common governance behaviors into points to share the benefits of the governance.In promoting the construction of a credit system,more consideration should be given to the application and promotion of the behavior points system.