国家职业卫生标准(GBZ/T 201.3—2014)技术指标理解与应用状况调查

Investigation on understanding and application of the technical indexes of National Occupational Health Standard(GBZ/T 201.3-2014)

目的调查并掌握GBZ/T 201.3—2014《放射治疗机房的辐射屏蔽规范第3部分:γ射线源放射治疗机房》技术指标的理解与应用状况及存在的问题,为标准的深入贯彻实施和进一步修订完善提供技术支持。方法依据WS/T 536—2017《卫生标准跟踪评价工作指南》,采用整群抽样和分层抽样相结合的方法,代表性地选取全国20个省(自治区和直辖市)γ射线源放射治疗装置与场所项目相关业务人员作为调查对象,制定专门的调查表对其进行问卷调查,收集调查人员的基本情况及其对标准中技术指标的理解与应用状况,建立专用数据库使用SPSS 21.0进行统计分析。收集到259份有效问卷,问卷有效率为98.85%。结果技术相关类调查人员133人,医疗相关类调查人员126人;调查人员中本科学历和具有副高级职称人员最多,分别占调查人数的56.76%和43.24%,74.51%的调查人员具有≥5年放射治疗相关工作经历,42.08%的人员接受过该标准的培训;平均每年应用标准≥1次的人数占调查人数的23.17%;99.61%的调查人员均不同程度了解该标准并认为标准得到了普遍应用;93.05%的调查人员认为标准中γ射线源治疗机房屏蔽相关性能参数完整;98.46%的调查人员认为标准附录中γ射线源治疗机房示例参数内容较全面或非常全面;≥89.96%的调查人员能正确识别放射治疗机房屏蔽需要考虑的位置参数;≥81.47%的调查人员能准确识别屏蔽计算方法涉及的辐射束类型;不同类别、学历/学位和技术职称的调查人员对机房剂量控制指标合理性的判定差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.01)。结论GBZ/T 201.3—2014《放射治疗机房的辐射屏蔽规范第3部分:γ射线源放射治疗机房》基本满足γ射线源放射治疗机房辐射屏蔽估算和防护设计的需要,相关人员对标准中技术指标能正确理解和应用,但仍需结合标准实施中存在的问题以及γ射线源放射治疗设备和技术更新的需要对标准进行修订和完善。

Objective To investigate and master the status of understanding and application of the technical indexes and existing problems of GBZ/T 201.3-2014"Radiation shielding specification for radiotherapy room Part 3:Radiotherapy room ofγ-ray sources",aiming to provide technical support for the in-depth implementation and further revision and improvement of the standard.Methods According to the WS/T 536-2017"Guideline for health standards tracking evaluation",the method of combining cluster sampling and stratified sampling was used to select the relevant business personnel ofγ-ray source radiotherapy devices,which from 20 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government)were confirmed as the survey objects,and a special questionnaire was developed to conduct a questionnaire survey on them.The basic information of investigators and their understanding and application of technical indicators in the standard were collected,and a special database was established for statistical analysis using SPSS 21.0.A total of 259 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 98.85%.Results Totally 133 were technology-related investigators and 126 were medical-related investigators.Among the respondents,bachelor degree and associate senior title were the most,accounting for 56.76%and 43.24%of the respondents,respectively.74.51%of the respondents had 5 years or more of radiotherapy-related work experience,and 42.08%of the respondents had received training of the standard.The number of people who applied the standard at least once a year accounted for 23.17%of the respondents,99.61%of respondents knew the standard to some extent and believed that it was widely used,93.05%of the investigators believed that the performance parameters related to the shielding of the radiotherapy room ofγ-ray sources in the standard were complete,98.46%of the investigators believed that the parameters of the example of radiotherapy room ofγ-ray sources in appendix of the standard were comprehensive or very comprehensive,89.96%or more of the investigators could correctly identify the location parameters to be considered in the shielding calculation of the radiation therapy room,and 81.47%or more of the investigators could accurately identify the radiation beam types involved in the shielding calculation method.There was no significant difference in determining the rationality of dose-control indexes of radiotherapy room ofγ-ray sources among investigators of different categories,educational/academic degrees and technical titles(all P>0.01).Conclusion GBZ/T 201.3-2014"Radiation shielding specification for radiotherapy room Part 3:Radiotherapy room ofγ-ray sources"basically meets the needs of radiation shielding estimation and protection design in radiotherapy room ofγ-ray sources basically.Relevant personnel can correctly understand and apply the technical indicators of the standard,but it should be revised and improved in combination with the problems existing in the implementation of the standard and the need of the radiotherapy equipment and technology withγ-ray sources updating.