曾留守大学生孤独感、心理韧性与家庭适应性的关系分析

Analysis on relationship between loneliness,psychological resilience,and family adaptability among former left behind college students

目的了解曾留守大学生的孤独感、心理韧性和家庭适应性现状及三者之间的关系。方法2023年2—3月采用家庭亲密度与适应性量表、孤独感量表、心理韧性量表对宝鸡市224名曾留守大学生进行问卷调查,随机抽取232名非留守大学生作为对照组开展问卷调查。结果曾留守大学生孤独感、心理韧性、家庭亲密度、家庭适应性的得分分别为(44.91±6.92)、(64.16±21.59)、(64.79±10.04)和(39.91±8.33)分。有无留守经历的大学生在家庭亲密度、家庭适应性、孤独感、心理韧性的得分上的差异均有统计学意义(t=3.479、2.917、4.400、2.280,均P<0.05)。曾留守大学生的孤独感、心理韧性、家庭亲密度与适应性四者均显著相关(r=-0.481、-0.462、0.861、-0.323、0.407、0.428,均P<0.05);曾留守大学生的孤独感对家庭适应性的直接效应值为-0.361,孤独感通过心理韧性对家庭亲密度与家庭适应性的间接效应值为-0.101。结论曾留守大学生的整体属于高度的孤独状态,中等心理韧性,僵硬的家庭适应性。且心理韧性在孤独感与家庭适应性之间起着部分中介的作用,曾留守大学生的孤独感可以通过心理韧性来提高家庭适应性。

Objective To understand the current situation of loneliness,psychological resilience and family adaptability among former left behind college students,and the relationship between the three.Methods From February to March 2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 224 former left behind college students in Baoji City using the family intimacy and adaptability scale,loneliness scale and mental resilience scale,232 non left behind college students were randomly selected as the control group,and the data were analyzed.Results The scores for loneliness,psychological resilience,family intimacy,and family adaptability of former left behind college students were(44.91±6.92),(64.16±21.59),(64.79±10.04)and(39.91±8.33)points,respectively.The scores of family intimacy,family adaptability,loneliness,and psychological resilience among college students with or without left behind experience were statistically significant(t=3.479,2.917,4.400,2.280,all P<0.05).The loneliness,psychological resilience,family intimacy and adaptability of former left behind college students were significantly correlated(r=-0.481,-0.462,0.861,-0.323,0.407,0.428,all P<0.05).The direct effect value of loneliness on family adaptability of former left behind college students was-0.361,and the indirect effect value of loneliness on family intimacy and family adaptability through psychological resilience was-0.101,respectively.Conclusion Former left behind college students generally have a high level of loneliness,moderate psychological resilience and rigid family adaptability,and psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role between loneliness and family adaptability.The loneliness of former left behind college students can improve family adaptability through psychological resilience.