农业保险、城镇化与共同富裕——基于城乡收入差距视角

Agricultural Insurance,Urbanization and Common Prosperity From the Perspective of Urban-rural Income Gap

缩小城乡收入差距是我国实现共同富裕的重要任务,农业保险作为脱贫攻坚的重要金融工具,应在全面推进乡村振兴的过程中发挥作用,进而促进共同富裕。基于2010—2021年我国30个省、自治区、直辖市(不包含港澳台地区、西藏自治区)的面板数据,结合中介效应模型,从理论和实证两方面系统诠释农业保险助推城镇化,缩小城乡收入差距的作用机制。研究结果表明:农业保险具有技术进步效应,可增加农民收入,促进劳动力城镇化转移;农业保险具有增收效应,可进一步缩小城乡收入差距;城镇化是农业保险促进共同富裕的有效中介;农业保险对共同富裕的影响存在区域异质性和城镇化水平异质性,中东部地区与低城镇化水平地区正向效用更显著。

To narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas is an important task for China to achieve common prosperity.Agricultural insurance,as an important financial tool for poverty alleviation,should play a role in promoting rural vitalization on all fronts so as to promote common prosperity.Based on 2010—2021 data from 30 provinces(excluding regions of China such as Hongkong,Macao Taiwan and Xizang),a mediation effect model is established to theoretically and empirically examine the function mechanism of agricultural insurance to promote urbanization and narrow urban-rural income gap.The results show that agricultural insurance has an effect of technological progress,increasing the income of farmers and promoting the urbanization transfer of labor force;agricultural insurance has an effect of increasing income,further narrowing urban-rural income gap;urbanization is an effective mediation for agricultural insurance to promote common prosperity;the effect of agricultural insurance on common prosperity has regional heterogeneity and urbanization level heterogeneity:compared with the western region,agricultural insurance has a more positive effect in the central and eastern regions and low-level-urbanization regions.