朝鲜语致使交替事件的句法语义分析

A Syntactic and Semantic Analysis of Causative Alternation Events in Korean language

朝鲜语致使交替事件的谓词一般为作格动词,整个致使结构属于词汇型致使的下位形式。句法结构上,致使交替事件可以与致事指向型副词、程度副词、时间副词共现。语义上,谓词语义角色与致使主体或客体的融合方式主要有两种:一是谓词语义角色与致使论元具有语义特征上的吻合性,即通过图式与例示关系直接融合;二是谓词语义角色与致使论元的部分语义相同,在构式中通过转喻方式进行融合,即典型与扩展关系的融合。

The predicate for causative alternation events in Korean is generally an ergative verb,and the causative structure belongs to the subordinate form of lexical causative.In terms of syntactic structure,causative alternation events can co-occur with causative event-oriented adverbs,degree adverbs,and time adverbs.Semantically,there are two main ways in which the semantic roles of predicate words are integrated with the causative subject or object.First,the semantic roles of predicate words and the causative arguments have semantic characteristics that are directly integrated through the relationships between schema and example.The second is the fusion of the semantic roles of predicate words and causal arguments through metonymy in the construction,that is,the fusion of typical and extended relationships.