高等教育应用ChatGPT的潜能与风险——来自美国高校的经验与启示

The Potential and Risks of Applying ChatGPT in Higher Education:Experience and Inspiration of American Universities

采用大数据调查法,对美国2200余所四年制大学使用ChatGPT的现状进行调查,重点选取发布ChatGPT相关新闻较多且在美国最佳大学排名前50的高校为案例,全面探讨ChatGPT在高等教育中的应用潜能与风险。研究发现,ChatGPT在高等教育应用中具备显著潜能,如提高教学效率和质量、拓展研究理论和方法、提升行政能力和水平等,但也存在明显的风险,如可能破坏师生信任关系、威胁学术诚信和道德、影响行政职位和信誉等。通过深入分析ChatGPT在美国高校中的实际应用案例,可以为生成式人工智能在我国高等教育中的健康发展和实践应用提供有力的经验借鉴和策略指导。

A big data survey method is used to investigate the current status of the use of ChatGPT in more than 2,200 four-year universities in the U.S.Focusing on selecting universities that publish more news related to ChatGPT and are ranked in the top 50 of the best universities in the U.S.as case studies,the study comprehensively explores the potential and risks of the application of ChatGPT in higher education.The study finds that ChatGPT has significant potentials in higher education applications,such as improving teaching efficiency and quality,expanding research theories and methods,and enhancing administrative capabilities and standards,etc.However,there are also obvious risks,such as the possibility of destroying faculty-student trust relationships,threatening academic integrity and ethics,and affecting administrative positions and credibility.Through in-depth analysis of the practical application cases of ChatGPT in American universities,it can provide a powerful experience and strategic guidance for the healthy development and practical application of generative AI in Chinese higher education.