家庭背景对大学生在线学习成效的影响机制研究——信息技术获取的中介作用

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Family Background on Online Learning Effectiveness---The Mediating Role of Access to ICT

在线教育过程中优质教育资源共享带来的“公平”与信息技术获取缺失导致的“不公平”交织在一起,引起学者对在线教育公平问题的探讨和辨析。本研究以VanDijk的信息技术获取模型为理论基础,基于大学生在线调查数据,使用多元线性回归和非参数百分位Bootstrap方法分析了家庭背景对大学生在线学习成效的影响机制。研究发现:(1)不同家庭背景的大学生群体间存在多道数字鸿沟;(2)数字鸿沟会转化为教育结果鸿沟,家庭背景通过信息技术获取间接影响在线学习满意度和学习效果;(3)以动机态度和信息技术使用为代表的“新数字鸿沟”对在线学习效果的影响显著大于“旧数字鸿沟”。本研究加深了家庭背景这一结构性因素对在线学习成效影响机制的理解,揭示了在线教育不平等的机制。这为促进教育公平提供了新的思路和经验证据,同时也回应了信息技术对教育结果影响的争议。

In the process of online education,the"fairness"brought by the sharing of high-quality educational resources and the“"unfairness"”caused by the lack of access to ICT are intertwined,which causes scholars to discuss the fairness of online education.Based on Van Dijk's causal and sequential model of digital media access,based on online survey data of college students,this study used multiple linear regression and non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method to analyze the influence mechanism of family background on college students'online learning effect.The results show that:(1)There is a digital divide among college students from dfferent family backgrounds.(2)The digital divide will transform into a gap in educational outcomes.Family background influences the effectiveness of online leaming by influencing access to ICT.(3)The"new digital divide"represented by motivation,attitude,and ICT usage has a greater impact on the effectiveness of online learning than the"old digital divide".This study lies in deepening the understanding of the mechanism by which family background,a structural factor,affects the outcomes of online learning,and revealing the mechanism of educational inequality in online education.It provides new ideas and empirical evidence for promoting educational equity.It also respond to the theoretical debate on the impact of information technology on educational outcomes.