13种药剂种子处理对瓜类细菌性果斑病的防治效果

Effect of seed treatments with 13 bactericides on bacterial fruit blotch

瓜类细菌性果斑病是西瓜、甜瓜等瓜类作物的重要细菌性病害。为筛选防控果斑病的有效药剂,本研究比较了13种药剂浸种带菌西瓜种子不同时间对果斑病的防治效果及对种子发芽的影响;并通过“先喷药后接种”和“先接种后喷药”,比较了13种药剂对西瓜苗期果斑病的预防和治疗效果,同时测定了助剂8.6%聚乙二醇对13种药剂的增效作用。药剂浸种试验结果表明,带菌种子在10%阿苯达唑750倍液、2%春雷霉素300倍液中浸种12 h,对果斑病的防效均达到100%,发芽率比清水浸种分别高16.20百分点和16.34百分点;杀菌剂1号200倍液处理12 h的防效较好,为85.58%,且促进种子萌发。苗期喷施药剂的试验结果表明,13种药剂对果斑病的预防效果均好于治疗效果,预防效果和治疗效果都超过60%的药剂有7种,以10%阿苯达唑600倍液对果斑病的防效最好,预防效果和治疗效果分别为87.58%和75.70%,与8.6%聚乙二醇混配后分别提高至94.12%和81.31%,增效作用显著。本研究结果为后续田间试验和大面积推广应用提供了技术支撑。

Fruit blotch is an important bacterial disease of watermelon,melon and other melon crops.Aiming to screen the bactericides which can effectively control fruit blotch,seed germination rates and control effects of seed-soaking with 13 bactericides for different time were evaluated.At the same time,the prevention and treatment effects of 13 bactericides on fruit blotch were compared by spraying before inoculation and inoculation before spraying,and the synergistic effect of 8.6%PEG was also tested.Results of soaking seeds with bactericides showed that seed-soaking with albendazole 10%SC 750-fold solution and kasugamycin 2%AS 300-fold for 12 h had best control effect with the efficacy of 100%,and the germination rates were higher than that of seed-soaking with water by 16.20 percentage and 16.34 percentage,respectively.Seed-soaking with bactericide no.1 EC 200-fold solution for 12h had good control effect with the efficacy of 85.58%,and also promote seeds germination.Spraying bactericides at seedling stage showed that the prevention effects of 13 bactericides were generally higher than the treatment effects.Seven bactericides had preventive and therapeutic effects of more than 60%.Among them,albendazole 10%SC 600-fold solution had the best preventive and therapeutic effects of 87.58%and 75.70%respectively.When mixed with 8.6%PEG,the preventive and therapeutic effects of albendazole increased to 94.12%and 81.31%,respectively.The above results provided technical supports for further field experiments and large area application.