促进我国海外能源高质量发展和高水平安全的对策建议

Suggestions for Promoting High-quality Development and High-level Security of Overseas Energy in China

作为全球第一大能源消费国,我国原油、天然气高度依赖进口,持续优化海外能源布局,对保障我国能源安全具有重要意义。本文系统分析2005~2023年我国海外能源发展的基本情况,由于受到疫情冲击、中东局势紧张、乌克兰危机延岩等多重不利因素叠加影响,海外能源投资2019年之后呈显著回落态势,同时具有明显的能源品种和区域异质性。在此基础上,进一步分析政治经济、地缘冲突、法律与企业经营,及能源价格波动风险对我国海外能源安全的潜在威胁与挑战,并从发展能源外交、规避政治经济风险、引领国际能源合作规则、应对国际能源价格波动、构建能源命运共同体等方面,提出促进我国海外能源高质量发展和高水平安全的对策建议。

As the world's largest energy consumer,China heavily relies on imports of crude oil and natural gas.Continuously optimizing its overseas energy layout is of great significance for ensuring China's energy security.This paper systematically analyzes the basic situation of China's overseas energy development from 2005 to 2023.Due to multiple adverse factors such as the impact of the epidemic,the tense situation in the Middle East,and the delayed crisis in Ukraine,overseas energy investment has shown a significant decline since 2019,while also exhibiting obvious energy varieties and regional heterogeneity.On this basis,further analysis is conducted on the potential threats and challenges to China's overseas energy security posed by politics and economy,geopolitical conflicts,legal and business operations,and energy price fluctuations;suggestions are proposed to promote high-quality development and high-level security of China's overseas energy from the perspectives of developing energy diplomacy,avoiding political and economic risks,leading international energy cooperation rules,responding to international energy price fluctuations,and building an energy community with a shared future.